Hedström S A, Hybbinette C H
Lund University Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Sweden.
Acta Orthop Scand. 1988 Apr;59(2):144-7. doi: 10.1080/17453678809169695.
In 789 courses of antibiotic prophylaxis in hip arthroplasty surgery, either dicloxacillin (Diclocil) or cloxacillin (Ekvacillin) was used during two different time periods. The surgical methods, anesthesia, preoperative and postoperative care of the patients, and laboratory procedures were the same all the time. Changes in creatinine values were used as a method for evaluating the impact on renal function. When using dicloxacillin, a pathologic increase of creatinine was noted in 12 and 13 percent by two different calculation methods. Sixteen patients (4.2 percent) had a severe creatinine increase during the first postoperative week after dicloxacillin prophylaxis, requiring dialysis in 2 patients. Cloxacillin had only a marginal impact on renal function. Patients above aged 70 years were more vulnerable as regards renal function than younger persons, and the impairment was slightly dose related in all ages. In the dicloxacillin group, preoperative use of antiphlogistic drugs was correlated with reduced postoperative renal function.
在789例髋关节置换手术的抗生素预防治疗过程中，在两个不同时间段分别使用了双氯西林（双氯青霉素）或氯唑西林（艾克西林）。患者的手术方法、麻醉方式、术前和术后护理以及实验室检查程序始终相同。肌酐值的变化被用作评估对肾功能影响的一种方法。使用双氯西林时，通过两种不同计算方法发现肌酐病理性升高的比例分别为12%和13%。16例患者（4.2%）在双氯西林预防治疗后的术后第一周出现严重的肌酐升高，其中2例需要透析。氯唑西林对肾功能的影响微乎其微。70岁以上的患者在肾功能方面比年轻患者更易受影响，且在所有年龄段中，肾功能损害与剂量略有相关。在双氯西林组中，术前使用抗炎药物与术后肾功能降低相关。
