Therapiezentrum Justuspark, Bad Hall, 4540, Austria; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
J Affect Disord. 2019 Oct 1;257:38-44. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.045. Epub 2019 Jul 2.
The association between severe psychiatric disorders and metabolic syndrome is well documented and goes along with a reduced life expectancy. The prevalence of medical comorbidities in individuals suffering from psychiatric disorders in Austria has not yet been examined; aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of comorbid somatic disorder in individuals diagnosed with psychiatric disorders in Austria.
Patients (n = 600) with a life-time diagnosis of mood and anxiety disorders undergoing a six-week course of intensive treatment in a psychiatric rehabilitation center were recruited. Prevalent somatic and psychological conditions, anamnestic data, medical history, blood samples, clinical and psychological tests as well as medication were examined to determine somatic and psychiatric diagnoses.
Metabolic disorders were highly prevalent especially in individuals diagnosed with affective disorders, respectively in bipolar disorder. Furthermore, obesity and thyroid dysfunction were found in about 40% of individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder in the present study. Significant gender differences were found in CVD and hypertension with higher prevalence in men, while thyroid dysfunction occurred more often in women also compared to the general female population.
Characterizing somatic comorbidity in individuals with psychiatric disorders can stimulate research to better understand possible shared etiologic factors and has public health implications for improving models of care. This could have a positive effect on the course of mental disorders, and additionally improve social integration and life expectancy. Knowledge about sex differences should be used to further improve individualized treatment of individuals with psychiatric disorders.
严重精神障碍与代谢综合征之间的关联已得到充分证实，并且伴随着预期寿命的缩短。奥地利患有精神障碍的个体的合并症患病率尚未得到检验；本研究的目的是分析在奥地利被诊断为精神障碍的个体中合并躯体障碍的患病率。
招募了在精神病康复中心接受为期六周强化治疗的患有心境和焦虑障碍的患者（n=600）。检查了现患的躯体和心理状况、病史、医疗史、血液样本、临床和心理测试以及药物，以确定躯体和精神诊断。
代谢紊乱特别高发，尤其是在被诊断为情感障碍的个体中，在双相情感障碍患者中更为明显。此外，本研究中约有 40%的双相情感障碍患者存在肥胖和甲状腺功能障碍。心血管疾病和高血压在男性中更为常见，而甲状腺功能障碍在女性中也比一般女性人群更为常见，存在显著的性别差异。
描述精神障碍患者的躯体共病情况，可以促进研究以更好地理解可能存在的共同发病因素，并对改善护理模式具有公共卫生意义。这可能对精神障碍的病程产生积极影响，同时改善社会融合和预期寿命。应该利用关于性别差异的知识来进一步改善对精神障碍患者的个体化治疗。
