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将美金刚和阿魏酸融合,探索阿尔茨海默病中 NMDA 受体、氧化应激和淀粉样β肽之间的联系。

Merging memantine and ferulic acid to probe connections between NMDA receptors, oxidative stress and amyloid-β peptide in Alzheimer's disease.

机构信息

Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy.

Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy.

出版信息

Eur J Med Chem. 2019 Oct 15;180:111-120. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.07.011. Epub 2019 Jul 5.

Abstract

N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) are critically involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Acting as an open-channel blocker, the anti-AD drug memantine preferentially targets NMDAR overactivation, which has been proposed to trigger neurotoxic events mediated by amyloid β peptide (Aβ) and oxidative stress. In this study, we applied a multifunctional approach by conjugating memantine to ferulic acid, which is known to protect the brain from Aβ neurotoxicity and neuronal death caused by ROS. The most interesting compound (7) behaved, like memantine, as a voltage-dependent antagonist of NMDAR (IC = 6.9 μM). In addition, at 10 μM concentration, 7 exerted antioxidant properties both directly and indirectly through the activation of the Nrf-2 pathway in SH-SY5Y cells. At the same concentration, differently from the parent compounds memantine and ferulic acid alone, it was able to modulate Aβ production, as revealed by the observed increase of the non-amyloidogenic sAPPα in H4-SW cells. These findings suggest that compound 7 may represent a promising tool for investigating NMDAR-mediated neurotoxic events involving Aβ burden and oxidative damage.

摘要

N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体(NMDAR)在阿尔茨海默病(AD)的发病机制中起着至关重要的作用。作为一种开放通道阻滞剂,抗 AD 药物美金刚优先针对 NMDAR 的过度激活,这被认为会引发由淀粉样β肽(Aβ)和氧化应激介导的神经毒性事件。在这项研究中,我们通过将美金刚与阿魏酸结合来应用多功能方法,阿魏酸已知可以保护大脑免受 Aβ 神经毒性和 ROS 引起的神经元死亡的影响。最有趣的化合物(7)的行为与美金刚一样,是 NMDAR 的电压依赖性拮抗剂(IC=6.9μM)。此外,在 10μM 浓度下,7 直接和间接通过激活 SH-SY5Y 细胞中的 Nrf-2 通路发挥抗氧化特性。在相同的浓度下,与母体化合物美金刚和阿魏酸不同,它能够调节 Aβ 的产生,这一点从 H4-SW 细胞中观察到的非淀粉样蛋白 sAPPα 的增加中可以看出。这些发现表明,化合物 7 可能代表一种有前途的工具,可用于研究涉及 Aβ 负担和氧化损伤的 NMDAR 介导的神经毒性事件。

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