Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute of Education, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
J Affect Disord. 2019 Oct 1;257:136-142. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.068. Epub 2019 Jul 2.
While maternal depression has been linked to impaired child growth, the relationship between anxiety and child weight gain is unknown. The study objective was to investigate maternal pre- and post-natal anxiety in relation to child weight gain.
Data included 1168 children in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Child height and weight were measured at the median ages of 25 and 31 months postnatally and used to calculate body mass index (BMI). Maternal anxiety was measured with the Crown-Crisp Experiential Index at 18 and 32 gestational weeks, and two and 21 months postpartum. Mothers scoring in the top 15% at one or more of the four time points were considered to have anxiety. Maternal depressive symptoms were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale-7 (EPDS-7) at these same time points. Maternal depression was defined as EPDS-7 scores of >10. We used Generalized Estimating Equations to assess whether child BMI trajectories varied by the presence of maternal anxiety. Parallel analyses were conducted for maternal depression.
Among children of mothers who had anxiety at least at one timepoint, the BMI changes associated with a three-month increase in child age increased by 0.06 (95% CI:0.004-0.12) compared to BMI changes in children of mothers without anxiety. Maternal depressive symptoms were not associated with child BMI trajectories.
Maternal anxiety and depressive symptoms were based on maternal self-report.
Maternal anxiety around childbirth was associated with modest increases in child BMI gain during the child's second year of life.
虽然母亲抑郁与儿童生长受损有关，但焦虑与儿童体重增加的关系尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨母亲产前和产后焦虑与儿童体重增加的关系。
数据来自阿冯纵向研究父母与子女，共有 1168 名儿童。在产后 25 个月和 31 个月时测量儿童的身高和体重，并用于计算体重指数（BMI）。在 18 周和 32 周妊娠时，以及产后 2 个月和 21 个月时，使用 Crown-Crisp 体验指数（Crown-Crisp Experiential Index）测量母亲的焦虑程度。在四个时间点中的一个或多个时间点得分处于前 15%的母亲被认为患有焦虑症。在同一时间点使用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表-7（Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale-7，EPDS-7）测量母亲的抑郁症状。EPDS-7 评分>10 分定义为母亲患有抑郁症。我们使用广义估计方程来评估儿童 BMI 轨迹是否因母亲焦虑的存在而有所不同。对母亲抑郁进行了平行分析。
在至少有一次焦虑的母亲的孩子中，与没有焦虑的母亲的孩子相比，儿童年龄每增加三个月，BMI 变化增加 0.06（95%CI：0.004-0.12）。母亲的抑郁症状与儿童 BMI 轨迹无关。
母亲的焦虑和抑郁症状是基于母亲的自我报告。
分娩前后的母亲焦虑与儿童生命第二年的 BMI 增长适度增加有关。
