Role of Fecal Calprotectin as a Noninvasive Indicator for Ulcerative Colitis Disease Activity.

BACKGROUND

It is essential in clinical management to determine the disease activity in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. At present, the most accurate way of evaluating the UC severity is endoscopy with biopsy. Fecal calprotectin (FCP) is a non-invasive biomarker that is frequently used for monitoring of intestinal inflammation.

AIMS

The purpose of our study was to assess the role of FCP as a noninvasive indicator for UC disease activity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This prospective study enrolled 116 patients with UC (56 with quiescent UC and 60 with active UC) and 36 controls, referred for colonoscopy to our Center. Colonoscopy was performed in all the patients and the findings were graded according to Mayo endoscopic score (EMS) and UC endoscopic index of severity (UCEIS). FCP was analyzed in stool samples by means of point-of-care desk-top Quantum Blue® method.

RESULTS

There was no significant difference between mean FCP levels in controls and UC patients in remission (р=0.205). Mean FCP in patients with active UC was significantly higher than that in controls (p<0.001) and in patients in remission (p<0.001). FCP significantly correlated with UCEIS (r = 0.869, p<0.001) and EMS (r = 0.814, p<0.001).

CONCLUSION

The strong correlation with endoscopic disease activity suggests that FCP is a useful biomarker for noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of disease activity in UC patients.