印度 2017 年精神卫生保健法案：挑战与机遇并存。
The Mental Healthcare Act 2017 of India: A challenge and an opportunity.
机构信息
Institute for Mind and Brain, Kuranchery, Thrissur, Kerala, 680581 India.
Rajagiri School of behavioural sciences and research, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous), Rajagiri P. O., Kalamassery, Kochi, Kerala, 683104 India.
出版信息
Asian J Psychiatr. 2019 Aug;44:25-28. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2019.07.016. Epub 2019 Jul 8.
The Mental Healthcare Act 2017 replaced the Mental Health Act 1987, subsequent to India's ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2007. The Mental Healthcare Act (MHCA) 2017 upholds patient autonomy, dignity, rights and choices during mental healthcare and thus marks a bold step in India's mental health legislation. This new Law marks a major shift in the way mental healthcare is delivered, as it aims to protect and promote the rights of people during the delivery of mental healthcare. Within this Act, a capacitous individual cannot be coerced into receiving treatment for mental illness and inpatient admissions can be 'independent' or 'supported'. 'Supported admission' replaces involuntary admission from the previous legislation. State mental health authorities and mental health review boards will play a major role in the implementation of the new Act. The Mental Healthcare Act 2017 is aimed at bringing about radical transformation to mental healthcare in India.
2017 年《精神卫生保健法案》取代了 1987 年的《精神卫生法案》，此前印度于 2007 年批准了《联合国残疾人权利公约》。2017 年《精神卫生保健法案》（MHCA）在精神卫生保健期间维护患者自主权、尊严、权利和选择，因此标志着印度精神卫生立法的一个大胆步骤。这项新法律标志着精神卫生保健提供方式的重大转变，因为它旨在保护和促进精神卫生保健过程中人们的权利。在该法案中，有能力的个人不能被强制接受精神疾病治疗，住院治疗可以是“独立”或“支持”的。“支持性入院”取代了前立法中的非自愿入院。州精神卫生当局和精神卫生审查委员会将在新法案的实施中发挥重要作用。2017 年《精神卫生保健法案》旨在使印度的精神卫生保健发生根本性转变。
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