Portela Alejandro, Peláez Enelia C, Calvo-Lozano Olalla, Estévez Mari C, Lechuga Laura M
Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group (NanoB2A), Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Barcelona, Spain.
Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain.
Methods Mol Biol. 2019;2027:115-140. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9616-2_10.
Biosensing of cancer biomarkers enabling early diagnosis of cancer constitutes an essential tool for clinical intervention and application of novel therapies against cancer disease. Optical biosensor instruments as point-of-care (POC) devices and operating under label-free scheme have demonstrated to provide fast, simple, and high-sensitivity assays even at home care environment. Nanoplasmonic biosensors are thought to be a powerful tool for detection of complex analytes of relevant clinical applications. Using high-throughput fabrication techniques, large surface patterned with gold nanodisk structures is obtained showing surface sensitivities with limit of detection (LOD) in the order of picomolar concentration range. Here, we describe two major assay methodologies used for detection of lung and colorectal cancer, respectively. Particularly, we have selected a complementary hybridization DNA/RNA assay for the assessment of two miRNAs (miRNA-210 and miRNA-205) for detection of lung cancer. However, for colorectal cancer we present the detection of four tumor-associated antigen (TAA) biomarkers (MAPKAPK3, PIM-1, STK4, and GTF2B) as possible TAA targets for autoantibody production. Strategies for detecting these biomarkers in real samples such as serum are also presented, demonstrating the capabilities of these assays to be transferred to real clinical settings.
癌症生物标志物的生物传感技术能够实现癌症的早期诊断，是临床干预和应用新型抗癌疗法的重要工具。作为即时检测（POC）设备且在无标记方案下运行的光学生物传感器仪器，已证明即使在家庭护理环境中也能提供快速、简单且高灵敏度的检测。纳米等离子体生物传感器被认为是检测相关临床应用中复杂分析物的有力工具。利用高通量制造技术，获得了大面积的金纳米盘结构图案化表面，其表面灵敏度的检测限在皮摩尔浓度范围内。在此，我们分别描述了用于检测肺癌和结直肠癌的两种主要检测方法。具体而言，我们选择了一种互补杂交DNA/RNA检测方法来评估两种用于检测肺癌的微小RNA（miRNA-210和miRNA-205）。然而，对于结直肠癌，我们展示了四种肿瘤相关抗原（TAA）生物标志物（MAPKAPK3、PIM-1、STK4和GTF2B）作为自身抗体产生的可能TAA靶点的检测。还介绍了在血清等实际样本中检测这些生物标志物的策略，证明了这些检测方法能够转移到实际临床环境中。
