St John's College of Nursing & Midwifery, Mzuzu, Malawi, Southern Africa.
Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Int Nurs Rev. 2019 Dec;66(4):553-562. doi: 10.1111/inr.12538. Epub 2019 Jul 15.
To explore the experiences of schoolchildren, school personnel and parents who participated in a school-based hand hygiene programme implemented by nurses in Malawi.
There is low uptake of hand hygiene practice in developing countries due to limited resources available and no standardized hand hygiene policy.
Current health policies acknowledge the advantage of investing in disease prevention and health promotion among young children in Malawi. School nurses should adopt good evidence-based practice in promoting school-based hand hygiene programmes which remain a challenge in Malawi.
In this descriptive qualitative study, 10 focus group discussions were conducted with 23 females and 14 males including schoolchildren, school personnel and parents participating in a school-based hand hygiene programme. The programme was implemented by nurses in three primary schools between May and July 2017 in Malawi. Data from these discussions were coded and analysed using thematic analysis.
The school-based hand hygiene programme was well received by participants. Four themes illustrated effective strategies in implementing the hand hygiene programme from the participants' view, including 'Being committed', 'Sharing responsibilities', 'Disseminating good practice' and 'Appreciating assets'. These are essential resources and strategies that school nurses need to mobilize and integrate when they advocate handwashing policy by delivering hygiene promotion activities.
School nurses play a significant role in helping to achieve United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal 3 through promoting hand hygiene to minimize transmission of diseases and reduce mortality rate.
An evidence-based protocol based on study findings is beneficial for school nurses in formulating handwashing policies. It is important for developing countries to formulate the much-need policies for primary care practices.
探索参与马拉维护士实施的基于学校的手卫生计划的学童、学校人员和家长的经验。
由于资源有限且没有标准化的手卫生政策，发展中国家的手卫生实践普及率较低。
当前的卫生政策承认在马拉维投资于幼儿疾病预防和健康促进的优势。学校护士应采用良好的循证实践，推广在马拉维仍然具有挑战性的基于学校的手卫生计划。
在这项描述性定性研究中，对 23 名女性和 14 名男性进行了 10 次焦点小组讨论，其中包括参与基于学校的手卫生计划的学童、学校人员和家长。该计划于 2017 年 5 月至 7 月间由护士在马拉维的三所小学实施。从这些讨论中收集的数据使用主题分析进行编码和分析。
基于学校的手卫生计划受到参与者的好评。从参与者的角度来看，有四个主题说明了实施手卫生计划的有效策略，包括“承诺”、“分担责任”、“传播良好实践”和“重视资产”。这些都是学校护士在倡导洗手政策时调动和整合的必要资源和策略，以开展卫生促进活动。
学校护士在通过促进手卫生以最大程度减少疾病传播和降低死亡率来帮助实现联合国可持续发展目标 3 方面发挥着重要作用。
基于研究结果的循证方案有利于学校护士制定洗手政策。对于发展中国家来说，制定急需的初级保健实践政策非常重要。
