Instituto Universitario de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Instituto Universitario de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Chemosphere. 2019 Dec;236:124344. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124344. Epub 2019 Jul 10.
Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilisers (BUVSs) are emerging compounds used in personal care products and in other products, such as plastics, to absorb UV light. BUVSs have been described as bioaccumulative, persistent and toxic, so it is of great interest to understand their presence in the environment. Some marine organisms, such as seaweeds, have been used as bioindicators of contamination in the environment because they are able to accumulate metals and organic compounds. We have selected seaweeds to develop a novel method to extract, identify and determine six BUVSs (UV P, UV 326, UV 327, UV 328, UV 329, UV 360) based on microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array (UHPLC-DAD) and mass spectrometry confirmation (UHPLC-MS/MS). Under optimum conditions, recoveries ranging from 49.8 to 92.3% were obtained, while intra-day and inter-day precision values were lower than 10% for most of the compounds. Limits of detection in the ranges 1.79-4.58 and 0.89-1.76 ng g dry weight (dw) were obtained for UHPLC-DAD and UHPLC-MS/MS, respectively. The optimised method was applied for the analysis of twelve species of seaweed sampled during four months in 2018 from Las Canteras beach (Gran Canaria, Spain), with the results confirmed by UHPLC-MS/MS. UV 360 was found in concentrations between 42.5 and 115 ng g (dw) in five of the twelve species. Although the highest concentrations were found in Asparagopsis taxiformis, the presence of UV 360 in other species could suggest that seaweeds can act as potential bioindicators of the occurrence of these compounds in the coastal environment.
苯并三唑紫外线稳定剂（BUVSs）是一种新兴的化合物，用于个人护理产品和其他产品，如塑料，以吸收紫外线。BUVSs 被描述为具有生物蓄积性、持久性和毒性，因此了解它们在环境中的存在是非常重要的。一些海洋生物，如海藻，已被用作环境中污染的生物指示剂，因为它们能够积累金属和有机化合物。我们选择海藻来开发一种新的方法，基于微波辅助提取（MAE）和超高效液相色谱与二极管阵列（UHPLC-DAD）和质谱确认（UHPLC-MS/MS）来提取、鉴定和测定六种 BUVSs（UV P、UV 326、UV 327、UV 328、UV 329、UV 360）。在最佳条件下，回收率在 49.8%至 92.3%之间，而大多数化合物的日内和日间精密度值低于 10%。UHPLC-DAD 和 UHPLC-MS/MS 的检测限分别在 1.79-4.58 和 0.89-1.76ng/g 干重（dw）范围内。优化后的方法应用于 2018 年四个月期间在西班牙大加那利岛拉斯坎特拉斯海滩采集的十二种海藻的分析，结果通过 UHPLC-MS/MS 确认。在 12 种海藻中的 5 种中，发现了浓度在 42.5 和 115ng/g（dw）之间的 UV 360。虽然在 Asparagopsis taxiformis 中发现的浓度最高，但其他物种中存在 UV 360 可能表明海藻可以作为这些化合物在沿海环境中存在的潜在生物指示剂。
