Abeykoon Nimali C, Mahmood Samsuddin F, Yang Duck J, Ferraris John P
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, United States of America.
Nanotechnology. 2019 Oct 25;30(43):435401. doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab32c0. Epub 2019 Jul 17.
An acrylonitrile based copolymer, poly(acrylonitrile-co-itaconic acid), P(AN-co-IA) was synthesized with different amounts of itaconic acid (IA) to study in situ porogen activity of IA to produce porous carbon nanofibers (CNFs) without any subsequent physical or chemical activation. The concept developed here avoids unnecessary and complex extra activation steps when fabricating CNFs which ultimately lead to lower char yields and uncontrollable pore sizes. The ability of COOH in P(AN-co-IA) to act as an in situ porogen by releasing CO during carbonization was verified by simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis-mass spectrometry compared to polyacrylonitrile (PAN). The specific surface area of PAN CNFs (27 m g) dramatically increases to 1427 m g upon addition of ∼8 wt% IA without any ex situ activation. Furthermore, we confirmed that the porosity could be tuned by changing the IA content. The best electrochemical performance was obtained from the copolymer containing ∼8 wt% of IA, which gives a maximum specific capacitance of ∼93 F g at a scan rate of 10 mV s and energy density of ∼46 Wh kg at 1 A g without any subsequent physical or chemical activation.
合成了一种基于丙烯腈的共聚物聚（丙烯腈 - 衣康酸），即P（AN - co - IA），其中衣康酸（IA）的含量不同，目的是研究IA的原位致孔活性，以制备无需任何后续物理或化学活化的多孔碳纳米纤维（CNF）。此处提出的概念避免了制造CNF时不必要且复杂的额外活化步骤，这些步骤最终会导致较低的炭产率和不可控的孔径。与聚丙烯腈（PAN）相比，通过同步热重分析 - 质谱法验证了P（AN - co - IA）中COOH在碳化过程中通过释放CO作为原位致孔剂的能力。在添加约8 wt% IA且无任何非原位活化的情况下，PAN CNFs的比表面积（27 m²/g）急剧增加至1427 m²/g。此外，我们证实孔隙率可通过改变IA含量来调节。含约8 wt% IA的共聚物获得了最佳电化学性能，在扫描速率为10 mV/s时最大比电容约为93 F/g，在1 A/g时能量密度约为46 Wh/kg，且无需任何后续物理或化学活化。
