School of Simulation & Visualisation, Glasgow School of Art, Glasgow, UK.
Anatomy Facility, School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1138:17-27. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-14227-8_2.
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder with a global prevalence of 2-3%. OCD can have an enormous impact on the lives of those with the disorder, with some studies suggesting suicidal ideation is present in over 50% of individuals with OCD, and other data showing a significant number of individuals attempt suicide. It is therefore important that individuals with OCD receive the best possible treatment. A greater understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders among professionals and future clinicians can lead to improved treatment. However, data suggests that many students and clinicians experience "neurophobia", a lack of knowledge or confidence in cases involving the nervous system. In addition, research suggests that the relationship many students have with neurological conditions deteriorates over time, and can persist into practice.If individuals living with conditions such as OCD are to receive the best possible treatment, it is crucial that those administering care are equipped with a thorough understanding of such disorders. While research has shown that the use of interactive 3D models can improve anatomy education and more specifically neurology education, the efficacy of using of such models to engage with neuropsychiatric conditions, specifically OCD, has not been assessed. This study seeks to address this gap.In this study an interactive application for Android devices was designed using standardised software engineering methods in order to improve neuropsychiatry literacy by empowering self-pace learning through interactive 3D visualisations and animations of the neural circuitry involved in OCD. A pilot test and a usability assessment were conducted among five postgraduate life science students. Findings relating to user experience were promising, and pre-test vs. post-test evaluation suggested encouraging outcomes regarding the effectiveness of the application in improving the knowledge and understanding of OCD. In short, this study suggests that interactive 3D visualisations can improve neuropsychiatry education. For this reason, more efforts should be made to construct similar applications in order to ensure patients always receive the best possible care. Fig. 2.1 A diagrammatic representation of the CSTC circuit, based on a similar diagram by Robertson et al. (2017).
强迫症（OCD）是一种神经精神疾病，全球患病率为 2-3%。强迫症会对患者的生活产生巨大影响，一些研究表明，超过 50%的强迫症患者存在自杀意念，其他数据显示，有相当数量的人试图自杀。因此，强迫症患者接受最好的治疗是非常重要的。专业人士和未来的临床医生对神经精神疾病潜在病理生理学的理解加深，可以导致治疗效果的改善。然而，数据表明，许多学生和临床医生都存在“神经恐惧症”，即对涉及神经系统的病例缺乏知识或信心。此外，研究表明，许多学生与神经系统疾病的关系随着时间的推移而恶化，并可能持续到实践中。如果像强迫症这样的患者要接受最好的治疗，那么负责护理的人必须对这些疾病有全面的了解。虽然研究表明，使用交互式 3D 模型可以改善解剖学教育，特别是神经病学教育，但使用这些模型来接触神经精神疾病，特别是强迫症的效果尚未得到评估。本研究旨在填补这一空白。在这项研究中，使用标准化软件工程方法设计了一个适用于 Android 设备的交互式应用程序，通过交互式 3D 可视化和涉及强迫症的神经回路动画，以自主学习的方式提高神经精神病学的素养。在五名研究生生命科学学生中进行了试点测试和可用性评估。与用户体验相关的发现是有希望的，并且预测试与后测试评估表明，该应用程序在提高对强迫症的知识和理解方面的有效性方面有令人鼓舞的结果。简而言之，这项研究表明，交互式 3D 可视化可以改善神经精神病学教育。因此，应该做出更多努力来构建类似的应用程序，以确保患者始终得到最好的治疗。图 2.1 基于 Robertson 等人（2017 年）的类似图表，CSTC 电路的示意图。
