[Effect of continuous renal replacement therapy during percutaneous drainage in severe acute pancreatitis patients: a retrospective cohort study].

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) receiving percutaneous drainage (PCD).

METHODS

Clinical data of SAP patients receiving PCD admitted to department of hepatobiliary surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from November 11th 2015 to May 13th 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into CRRT group and control group according to whether or not receiving CRRT. Demographic data, relevant variables before and after PCD, complication and outcome were all compared.

RESULTS

A total of 75 patients were included in the study, 30 were treated with application of CRRT and 45 without CRRT. (1) There was no significant difference in gender, age, body mass index (BMI), medical history (smoking, drinking), complications (cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, diabetes, chronic renal insufficiency), etiology (gallstone, alcohol abuse, hyperlipidemia and others), or white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum procalcitonin (PCT), fluid resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, vasoactive agent or intra-abdominal pressure within 48 hours after admission between the two groups. However, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score within 48 hours after admission of CRRT group was significantly higher than that of control group (18.3±4.5 vs. 12.8±6.2, P < 0.05). (2) There was no significant difference in WBC, PCT, APACHE II score or computed tomography severity index (CTSI) before PCD between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the position or times of PCD procedure between the two groups, but the time interval of PCD in the CRRT group was significantly longer than that in the control group (days: 19.4±5.4 vs. 12.8±2.2, P < 0.05). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in drainage of fluid properties, incidence of abdominal bleeding, infection, gastrointestinal fistula, endoscopic removal of necrotic tissue, laparotomy for removal of necrotic tissue or the time from PCD to endoscopy or laparotomy between two groups. However, the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay and the length of hospital stay in the CRRT group were significantly longer than those in the control group (days: 23.2±8.5 vs. 15.3±12.1, 51.2±21.2 vs. 31.2±14.0, both P < 0.01). (3) Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that there was no significant differences in 1-year or 3-year cumulative survival rates between the two groups (χ = 0.097, P = 0.755; χ = 0.013, P = 0.908).

CONCLUSIONS

CRRT is safe and feasible in the treatment of SAP patients receiving PCD procedure. It does not increase the risk of bleeding and may delay the time interval of PCD intervention. However, it may prolong the length of ICU stay and the length of hospital stay. It should be worthy of much attention for clinicians.