State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Nov 15;691:322-331. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.071. Epub 2019 Jul 6.
A detailed comparison of sand filtration (SF) and ultrafiltration (UF) was conducted in this study with the aim to provide systematic support for alternative UF and SF technologies. The results of natural organic matter (NOM) removal indicated that SF conferred a slightly higher removal rate for UV-absorbing compounds, humic-like substances and protein-like substances than UF, with removal efficiencies of 21.9%, 19.8% and 26.1%, respectively. In addition, SF and UF exhibited different removal performances for organic fractions: UF better removed high molecular-weight (MW) organics, while SF exhibited higher removal of medium-MW organics. Furthermore, chlorine and chlorine dioxide were used as disinfectants to compare the different influences of SF and UF on disinfection by-product (DBP) formation. Unexpectedly, SF exhibited a better capacity for reducing the formation of chlorite than the UF process, with concentrations of 0.57 mg/L and 0.69 mg/L, respectively. Importantly, for the emergency scenario, e.g. seasonal algae pollution, the UF process achieved significantly higher removal of algae cells (98.7%) than SF due to size exclusion, indicating substantial resistance to algae load shocks. Therefore, these findings are beneficial for making practical decisions to adopt SF or UF technology in drinking water treatment plants.
本研究对砂滤（SF）和超滤（UF）进行了详细比较，旨在为替代 UF 和 SF 技术提供系统支持。去除天然有机物（NOM）的结果表明，SF 对紫外吸收化合物、腐殖质类物质和蛋白类物质的去除率略高于 UF，分别为 21.9%、19.8%和 26.1%。此外，SF 和 UF 对有机物质的去除性能不同：UF 更有效地去除高分子量（MW）有机物，而 SF 则对中分子量有机物的去除效果更好。此外，氯和二氧化氯被用作消毒剂，以比较 SF 和 UF 对消毒副产物（DBP）形成的不同影响。出乎意料的是，SF 比 UF 工艺更能减少亚氯酸盐的形成，其浓度分别为 0.57mg/L 和 0.69mg/L。重要的是，对于季节性藻类污染等紧急情况，UF 工艺由于尺寸排阻作用，对藻类细胞的去除率达到 98.7%，明显高于 SF，表明其对藻类负荷冲击具有很强的抵抗力。因此，这些发现有助于在饮用水处理厂做出采用 SF 或 UF 技术的实际决策。
