Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment (CATE), Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences (UGAS-EU), Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Nov 15;691:584-594. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.168. Epub 2019 Jul 12.
Siloxanes are organo-silicon compounds containing Si-O-Si linkages and methyl branches. Depending on the structure, siloxanes can be divided into cyclic and linear compounds. Methyl siloxanes with small and medium molecular weights (molecular weights less than 500 g mol), are volatile under normal conditions, and hence are referred to as volatile methyl siloxanes (VMSs). VMSs are additive ingredients in many products such as plastics, rubber, personal care products, and household items. This review provides information on the distribution of VMSs in consumer products, indoor air and dust, and their implications for human exposure. VMSs have been used in personal care products and household items at concentrations on the order of hundreds to thousands of micrograms per gram which are the main sources of contamination in the indoor environments. VMSs have been found widely in indoor air and dust. A significant correlation existed between VMS concentrations in indoor air and dust. Among typical VMSs, dodecamethylcylcopentasiloxane (D5) is the major compound found in indoor environments. The human exposure doses to VMSs through dermal absorption, dust ingestion, and inhalation were compiled; Inhalation is a dominant pathway of exposure to VMSs, especially in indoor environments of occupational settings like hair salons. The human exposure doses were higher in children than in adults.
硅氧烷是含有 Si-O-Si 键和甲基支链的有机硅化合物。根据结构的不同，硅氧烷可分为环状和线状化合物。在常温下具有挥发性的低、中分子量（分子量小于 500g/mol）的甲基硅氧烷，被称为挥发性甲基硅氧烷（VMSs）。VMSs 是许多产品的添加剂成分，如塑料、橡胶、个人护理产品和家用物品。本文综述了 VMSs 在消费品、室内空气和灰尘中的分布及其对人体暴露的影响。VMSs 已在个人护理产品和家用物品中使用，浓度为每克数百至数千微克，这是室内环境中污染的主要来源。VMSs 已在室内空气和灰尘中广泛检出。室内空气中 VMSs 浓度与灰尘中 VMSs 浓度之间存在显著相关性。在典型的 VMSs 中，十二甲基环五硅氧烷（D5）是室内环境中主要的化合物。本文还编译了通过皮肤吸收、灰尘摄入和吸入途径接触 VMSs 的人体暴露剂量；吸入是接触 VMSs 的主要途径，特别是在美发沙龙等职业环境的室内环境中。儿童的人体暴露剂量高于成年人。
