University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
Soc Sci Med. 2019 Aug;235:112410. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112410. Epub 2019 Jul 11.
Underemployment and overemployment are widespread in developed countries and have detrimental consequences on health. This article tackles the question of the relationship between health and own, spousal and cross working time mismatches in bi-active couples. Using 83,000 observations from the German SOEP (1997-2012) I demonstrate that self-assessed health is reduced in case of overemployment and underemployment. I find that living with an overemployed partner is negatively correlated with own health. However, I show that the effect of overemployment is lower for those who live with an overemployed partner. This positive cross-effect is consistent with the existence of a comparison norm effect within household. Those results are robust to a battery of sensitivity checks and mostly transit via mental health. This article concludes that overemployment does not only affect the overemployed workers but also their partner and not accounting for such spillovers leads to an underestimation of the total health costs of overemployment.
就业不足和就业过度在发达国家普遍存在，并对健康产生不利影响。本文探讨了双职工中健康与自身、配偶和交叉工作时间不匹配之间关系的问题。利用德国 SOEP（1997-2012 年）的 83000 个观测值，我证明了就业过度和就业不足都会降低自我评估的健康水平。我发现，与就业过度的伴侣生活在一起与自身健康呈负相关。然而，我发现，对于那些与就业过度的伴侣生活在一起的人来说，就业过度的影响较低。这种积极的交叉效应与家庭内存在的比较规范效应一致。这些结果在一系列敏感性检验中是稳健的，并且主要通过心理健康来传递。本文的结论是，就业过度不仅影响就业过度的工人，而且还影响他们的伴侣，如果不考虑这种溢出效应，就会低估就业过度对整体健康的成本。
