Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss Cyril and Methodius University , Skopje , Republic of Macedonia.
Geological Survey of Slovenia , Ljubljana , Slovenia.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2019;54(10):972-987. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2019.1620042. Epub 2019 Jul 21.
This study represents the first systematic investigation of the spatial distribution of different chemical elements in the soil of the city of Skopje, Republic of Macedonia. For this purpose, surface soil samples from 234 locations were analyzed to determine the content of 20 major and trace elements (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, V and Zn) to assess the size of the areas eventually affected by heavy metal pollution. All samples were analyzed by atomic emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES). Cluster and factor analysis (R-mode) were applied in order to show the associations of chemical elements. Four factors were obtained: Factor 1 (K, Na, Ba and Al), Factor 2 (Cr, Ni, Mg and Fe), Factor 3 (Zn, Cd and Cu) and Factor 4 (Sr and Ca). It was established that the distribution of the associations of F1, F2 and F4 are mostly as a result of the complex geology and lithology of the region while the association of F3 represents an anthropogenic association.
本研究代表了对马其顿共和国斯科普里市土壤中不同化学元素的空间分布进行的首次系统调查。为此，分析了来自 234 个地点的表层土壤样本，以确定 20 种主要和微量元素（Ag、Al、As、Ba、Ca、Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、K、Li、Mg、Mn、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、V 和 Zn）的含量，以评估最终受重金属污染影响的区域范围。所有样品均采用电感耦合等离子体（ICP-AES）原子发射光谱法进行分析。应用聚类和因子分析（R 模式）来显示化学元素的相关性。得到了四个因子：因子 1（K、Na、Ba 和 Al）、因子 2（Cr、Ni、Mg 和 Fe）、因子 3（Zn、Cd 和 Cu）和因子 4（Sr 和 Ca）。确定 F1、F2 和 F4 关联的分布主要是由于该地区复杂的地质和岩性，而 F3 关联则代表人为关联。
