Temperature Dependence of Elastic, Piezoelectric, and Dielectric Matrixes of [001]-Poled Rhombohedral PIN-PMN-PT Single Crystals.

To date, the complete sets of electromechanical-related coefficients of Pb(InNb)O-Pb(MgNb)O-PbTiO (PIN-PMN-PT) single crystals have been reported only at room temperature (RT). To meet the demands of practical applications, the full sets of elastic, piezoelectric, and dielectric constants of [001]-poled rhombohedral PIN-PMN-PT single crystals were measured as a function of temperature ranging from -10 °C to 70 °C by the resonance method. Variation trends of the material constants with temperature are discussed, and the corresponding mechanisms are analyzed. With increasing temperature, absolute values of the elastic compliance constants, the piezoelectric coefficients d , and the dielectric permittivities ε increase, but the piezoelectric voltage coefficients g and the characteristic frequencies decrease. The electromechanical coupling factors k are not sensitive to temperature, of which k keeps 91% in the temperature range of -10 °C to 70 °C. Compared with other coefficients, the piezoelectric coefficients d , d , and d , and the dielectric permittivities ε , ε , ε , and ε , show the largest enhancements with increasing temperature. For example, the piezoelectric coefficients d and d , and the dielectric permittivities ε and ε change from -560 pC/N, 1130 pC/N, 1050, and 3300 at -10 °C to -890 pC/N, 1700 pC/N, 2030, and 6140 at 70 °C, increasing by more than 50% from -10 °C to 70 °C.