Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia.
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia.
J Therm Biol. 2019 Jul;83:80-86. doi: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.05.008. Epub 2019 May 18.
This study investigated the effects of floor space and betaine supplementation on the nutrient digestibility and performance of laying quail, at an advanced stage of production, in a tropical environment. In total, 408 laying quail (23 weeks old) were distributed in 3 × 2 factorial arrangements with four replicates. The first factor was floor space (250 cm [FS-1], 221 cm [FS-2], and 200 cm per bird [FS-3]) by allocating 15, 17, and 19 birds per cage (cage size: 3750 cm). The second factor was betaine supplementation, administered at levels of 0 (Control) and 0.12% (Betaine). The birds were housed under a natural, tropical environment that was outside the predominant thermoneutral zone, indicating heat stress conditions. Interactions were found between floor space and betaine on crude fiber digestibility, egg production, and eggshell thickness, with the highest values being yielded in FS-2 group supplemented with betaine. Reducing the floor space to 200 cm negatively affected nutrient digestibility and performance. The birds kept in FS-3 had lower (P < 0.05) dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, and calcium digestibility values than those kept in FS-1 and FS-2. Birds housed in FS-2 exhibited higher egg weight than those in FS-3 (P < 0.05), although they did not differ from those in FS-1. Furthermore, a lower eggshell weight in FS-3, compared with FS-1 and FS-2, was observed (P < 0.01). Betaine supplementation enhanced the dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, and calcium digestibility values (P < 0.05). Accordingly, betaine improved feed intake, egg weight, feed conversion, and protein and energy efficiency ratios (P < 0.01). Betaine also resulted in higher albumen, yolk, and eggshell weights (P < 0.01). In conclusion, a floor space of 221 cm, combined with betaine supplementation at 0.12%, can be applied for raising quail under high environmental temperatures.
本研究旨在探讨在热带环境下，饲养后期产蛋鹌鹑的饲养空间和甜菜碱补充对其养分消化率和生产性能的影响。共有 408 只 23 周龄的产蛋鹌鹑（laying quail）参与了本实验，采用 3×2 析因设计，每个处理 4 个重复。第一个因子是饲养空间（floor space），分别为 250cm²（FS-1）、221cm²（FS-2）和 200cm²/只（FS-3），每笼分配 15、17 和 19 只鹌鹑（笼舍大小：3750cm²）。第二个因子是甜菜碱（betaine）补充，分别为 0（Control）和 0.12%（Betaine）。这些鹌鹑被饲养在一个自然的热带环境中，该环境处于主要的热中性区之外，表明存在热应激条件。饲养空间和甜菜碱之间存在交互作用，对粗饲料消化率、产蛋率和蛋壳厚度有影响，在 FS-2 组中添加甜菜碱可获得最高值。将饲养空间减少到 200cm²会降低养分消化率和生产性能。饲养在 FS-3 的鹌鹑的干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和钙消化率均低于饲养在 FS-1 和 FS-2 的鹌鹑（P<0.05）。饲养在 FS-2 的鹌鹑的蛋重高于饲养在 FS-3 的鹌鹑（P<0.05），但与饲养在 FS-1 的鹌鹑无差异。此外，FS-3 的蛋壳重量也低于 FS-1 和 FS-2（P<0.01）。甜菜碱补充提高了干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分和钙的消化率（P<0.05）。因此，甜菜碱提高了采食量、蛋重、饲料转化率以及蛋白质和能量效率比（P<0.01）。甜菜碱还导致了蛋清、蛋黄和蛋壳重量的增加（P<0.01）。综上所述，在高温环境下饲养鹌鹑时，221cm²的饲养空间结合 0.12%的甜菜碱补充是可行的。
