沙特阿拉伯利雅得糖尿病患者对足部护理的态度和知识
Attitude and knowledge about foot care among diabetic patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
作者信息
Alshammari Zainab J, Alsaid Leila A, Parameaswari P J, Alzahrani Abrar A
机构信息
Department of Family Medicine, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Research Center, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
J Family Med Prim Care. 2019 Jun;8(6):2089-2094. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_248_19.
INTRODUCTION
Saudi Arabia ranks second as the highest country with the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the Middle East and seventh in the world. Knowledge, attitude, and good practice for foot care are essential in the management and prevention of diabetic foot ulcers.
OBJECTIVE
This study was conducted to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice to diabetic foot care among patients attending a diabetic clinic in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study of all the patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes aged ≥15 years seen at a diabetic clinic of King Saud Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A structured questionnaire on knowledge, attitude, and practices was used to collect the data.
RESULTS
In total, 368 diabetic patients were surveyed, comprising 111 (30.2%) males and 257 (69.8%) females. About 282 (76.6%) patients had good knowledge of diabetic foot and foot ulcers. Only 41 (11.1) patients have attended a class on diabetic foot care, and 81 (22.0%) received education on diabetic foot care from a doctor and 38 (10.3%) from a nurse. Majority of them washed their feet daily (98.4%), 59.8% inspects shoes before wearing them, but less than half of the patients (47.6%) actually self-inspect their foot daily. Being married, having a secondary and university level of education, and being a government employee had significantly better knowledge of diabetic foot compared with their counterparts. There were no significant differences in the attitude toward diabetic foot and diabetic foot care across age groups. Patients with longer duration of diabetes (>5 years) significantly had better practice of diabetic foot care.
CONCLUSION
This study revealed a high percentage of the surveyed population with good knowledge and good practice of diabetic foot care, however with a poor attitude toward foot care. There were very few patients who received formal education on diabetic foot and diabetic foot care. There is a need for awareness program for these patients not only to improve their knowledge and practices, but also to motivate patients to have a positive attitude toward diabetic foot care.
引言
沙特阿拉伯在中东地区糖尿病患病率最高的国家中排名第二，在全球排名第七。足部护理的知识、态度和良好实践对于糖尿病足溃疡的管理和预防至关重要。
目的
本研究旨在确定沙特阿拉伯利雅得一家糖尿病诊所的患者对糖尿病足护理的知识、态度和实践情况。
材料与方法
我们对沙特阿拉伯利雅得沙特国王医疗城糖尿病诊所中所有年龄≥15岁的1型和2型糖尿病患者进行了描述性横断面研究。使用一份关于知识、态度和实践的结构化问卷来收集数据。
结果
总共对368名糖尿病患者进行了调查，其中男性111名（30.2%），女性257名（69.8%）。约282名（76.6%）患者对糖尿病足和足部溃疡有良好的了解。只有41名（11.1%）患者参加过糖尿病足护理课程，81名（22.0%）从医生那里接受过糖尿病足护理教育，38名（10.3%）从护士那里接受过相关教育。他们中的大多数人每天洗脚（98.4%），59.8%的人在穿鞋前检查鞋子，但实际每天自行检查足部的患者不到一半（47.6%）。与同龄人相比，已婚、具有中学和大学学历以及为政府雇员的患者对糖尿病足的了解明显更好。各年龄组对糖尿病足和糖尿病足护理的态度没有显著差异。糖尿病病程较长（>5年）的患者在糖尿病足护理方面的实践明显更好。
结论
本研究显示，在接受调查的人群中，有很高比例的人对糖尿病足护理有良好的知识和实践，但对足部护理的态度较差。接受过糖尿病足和糖尿病足护理正规教育的患者非常少。需要为这些患者开展提高认识的项目，不仅要提高他们的知识和实践水平，还要激励患者对糖尿病足护理持积极态度。
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