Schachner Lawrence, Andriessen Anneke, Bhatia Neal, Grada Ayman, Patele Dillon
J Drugs Dermatol. 2019 Jul 1;18(7):655-661.
Background: Impetigo, a bacterial infection that is highly contagious, involves the superficial skin. Topical treatment for impetigo includes amongst other bacitracin, gentamycin, mupirocin, retapamulin, and more recently, ozenoxacin 1% cream. For more severe conditions systemic antibiotics are prescribed and may be combined with a topical treatment. The current review explored the challenges in treating impetigo in pediatric and adult populations and examined the role of ozenoxacin 1% cream as a safe and effective treatment option. Methods: We performed PubMed and Google Scholar searches of the English-language literature (2010-2018) using the terms impetigo, bullous impetigo, non-bullous impetigo, antimicrobial and antibiotic resistance, mupirocin, retapamulin, and ozenoxacin. The selected publications were manually reviewed for additional resources. Results: Although guidelines were updated regularly, the recommended treatments have not changed much since 2014. Emerging antimicrobial resistance is a growing concern in dermatology and pediatrics. Impetigo therapy choices should consider the resistance pattern of S. aureus. Ozenoxacin 1% cream is a prescription medicine for topical treatment of impetigo in adults and children 2 months or older. Ozenoxacin has a low probability of selecting spontaneous resistant mutants in quinolone-susceptible or quinolone-resistant bacterial strains and has shown to be active against MRSA isolates. Ozenoxacin 1% cream has potent bactericidal activity and was shown to be effective and safe for the treatment of impetigo in two well-controlled Phase 3 trials. Conclusions: Resistance patterns in a wide range of pathogens against oral or topical antibiotics and antiseptics used for the treatment of dermatological conditions, such as impetigo have been observed. When making treatment decisions for impetigo MRSA and other antimicrobial resistance has to be taken into account. Ozenoxacin 1% cream offers a potent bactericidal activity and has demonstrated clinical efficacy and safety. Combined with its favorable features, such as a low dosing frequency and a 5 days treatment regimen, ozenoxacin 1% cream is an important option for the treatment of impetigo for pediatric and adult populations. J Drugs Dermatol. 2019;18(7):655-661.
脓疱病是一种具有高度传染性的细菌感染，累及皮肤表层。脓疱病的局部治疗药物包括杆菌肽、庆大霉素、莫匹罗星、瑞他帕林，以及最近的1%奥昔沙星乳膏等。对于更严重的病情，则需开具全身用抗生素，且可能与局部治疗联合使用。本综述探讨了儿童和成人脓疱病治疗中的挑战，并研究了1%奥昔沙星乳膏作为一种安全有效的治疗选择的作用。方法：我们使用“脓疱病”“大疱性脓疱病”“非大疱性脓疱病”“抗菌与抗生素耐药性”“莫匹罗星”“瑞他帕林”和“奥昔沙星”等术语，在PubMed和谷歌学术上检索了2010 - 2018年的英文文献。对所选出版物进行人工查阅以获取更多资源。结果：尽管指南定期更新，但自2014年以来推荐的治疗方法变化不大。新出现的抗菌药物耐药性在皮肤科和儿科领域日益受到关注。脓疱病的治疗选择应考虑金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药模式。1%奥昔沙星乳膏是用于治疗2个月及以上儿童和成人脓疱病的局部用处方药。奥昔沙星在喹诺酮敏感或耐药菌株中产生自发耐药突变体的可能性较低，且已显示对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）分离株有活性。1%奥昔沙星乳膏具有强大的杀菌活性，在两项严格对照的3期试验中显示对脓疱病的治疗有效且安全。结论：已观察到多种病原体对用于治疗脓疱病等皮肤病的口服或局部用抗生素及防腐剂产生耐药模式。在为脓疱病制定治疗决策时，必须考虑MRSA和其他抗菌药物耐药性。1%奥昔沙星乳膏具有强大的杀菌活性，并已证明具有临床疗效和安全性。结合其给药频率低和5天治疗方案等有利特点，1%奥昔沙星乳膏是治疗儿童和成人脓疱病的重要选择。《皮肤药物学杂志》。2019；18(7)：655 - 661。
