EA 7310, Laboratoire de Virologie, Université de Corse, Corte, France.
Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Développement de l'Elevage (LRDE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Corte, France.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2019 Nov;66(6):2462-2473. doi: 10.1111/tbed.13304. Epub 2019 Aug 6.
Suidae is an important reservoir of hepatitis E virus (HEV) and a source of transmission to humans (direct contact or via consumption of meat products). Our goal was to characterize the epidemiology of HEV infecting domestic pigs in Corsica Island, a French region hyperendemic for HEV. In Corsica, traditional extensive (or semi-extensive) outdoor pig farming system is common. Sixteen farms were selected according to location and breeding system. Individual pig faeces samples were collected and qRT-PCR for detecting HEV RNA was performed. Nucleic acids from HEV-positive samples were amplified using specific ORF2 genotyping system. The genotype and subtype of the Corsican HEV sequences were determined by phylogenetic analysis. Among the 919 porcine faeces samples tested 9.2% (n = 85) were positive. The presence of viral RNA was correlated with (a) age (>6 months) Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR) 0.25 [0.068-0.90] p = .032; 3-4 months AOR = 4.94 [2.30-10.62] p = .000043) with the logistic regression model with a random effect at the farm level. Among the 85 positive samples, 83 belonged to genotype 3c and two to genotype 3f. The highest prevalence was observed in the 3-4 months age group and older age (>6 months) was negatively related to HEV infection and this suggests that traditional breeding with a late slaughter age may limit the risk of transmission to humans. A kinetic study of pigs from birth to slaughtering would allow to ensure that the type of traditional breeding reported here is very favourable to the absence of the virus in slaughtered pigs and in pork products.
猪科动物是戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）的重要宿主，也是人类感染（直接接触或食用肉类产品）的传染源。我们的目标是描述科西嘉岛（法国一个戊型肝炎病毒高度流行的地区）家猪中 HEV 的流行情况。在科西嘉岛，传统的广泛（或半广泛）户外养猪系统很常见。根据地理位置和养殖系统选择了 16 个农场。采集个体猪粪便样本，进行 qRT-PCR 检测 HEV RNA。使用特定的 ORF2 基因分型系统对 HEV 阳性样本的核酸进行扩增。通过系统发育分析确定科西嘉岛 HEV 序列的基因型和亚型。在检测的 919 份猪粪便样本中，9.2%（n=85）为阳性。病毒 RNA 的存在与（a）年龄（>6 个月）相关，调整后的优势比（AOR）为 0.25 [0.068-0.90]，p=0.032；3-4 个月 AOR=4.94 [2.30-10.62]，p=0.000043），这是一种具有农场水平随机效应的逻辑回归模型。在 85 个阳性样本中，83 个属于基因型 3c，2 个属于基因型 3f。最高的流行率出现在 3-4 个月的年龄组，而年龄较大（>6 个月）与 HEV 感染呈负相关，这表明传统的晚屠宰年龄的养殖方式可能会降低传播给人类的风险。对从出生到屠宰的猪进行动力学研究，可以确保这里报道的传统养殖方式非常有利于屠宰猪和猪肉产品中没有病毒。
