School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Australia.
School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Australia.
Biol Psychol. 2019 Sep;146:107731. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.107731. Epub 2019 Jul 20.
We investigated whether the temporal dynamics of attention could be used to reconcile exploitative and explorative attentional learning theories. Participants trained on a categorisation task where some stimuli were predictive (P) of the correct response while others were non-predictive (NP). These stimuli were then used in a dot probe task in which we varied the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between the cues and the target. Participants responded faster to the target when it appeared over a P cue at each SOA. The reaction time advantage towards the P cues increased proportionally with SOA, suggesting that participants were strategically processing the cues. Target-elicited N2pc amplitudes at short SOAs suggested that P cues were preferentially processed, consistent with exploitation. However, the amplitudes at a longer SOA suggested that after the P cues were processed, they were inhibited. This inhibition could bias attention towards other currently ambiguous stimuli, consistent with exploration.
我们研究了注意力的时间动态是否可以用于调和利用和探索性注意学习理论。参与者在分类任务中接受训练，其中一些刺激对正确反应具有预测性（P），而其他刺激则没有预测性（NP）。然后，这些刺激在点探测任务中使用，我们在该任务中改变了线索和目标之间的刺激起始异步（SOA）。当目标出现在每个 SOA 的 P 线索上时，参与者对目标的反应更快。对 P 线索的反应时间优势与 SOA成正比增加，这表明参与者在策略性地处理线索。在短 SOA 时目标引发的 N2pc 振幅表明 P 线索被优先处理，这与利用一致。然而，在较长的 SOA 时的振幅表明，在处理完 P 线索后，它们被抑制。这种抑制可能会使注意力偏向于其他当前模糊的刺激，这与探索一致。
