Department of Economics, Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU), Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey.
Department of Economics, Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU), Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Nov 20;692:60-67. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.129. Epub 2019 Jul 9.
The interconnectivity between environmental degradation, poverty and agriculture is an issue of great concern, especially in developing countries. This paper studies the effect of agriculture on the environment, conditional upon the level of income in a panel of eleven Central and West African countries for the period 1996 to 2015, using Pooled Mean Group (PMG), Mean Group (MG) and Augmented Mean Group (AMG) techniques. Our findings indicate that individually, income and agriculture aggravate environmental degradation. The interaction effect confirms that rising income levels dampen the negative impact of agriculture on the environment. Also, while increased use of renewable energy and improved regulations lower environmental degradation, population growth does more damage to the environment. This study concludes that unsustainable agricultural practices degrade the environment and poverty alleviation can mitigate the effect. To solve the problem of environmental degradation, poverty must be addressed and income levels must be raised in an ecofriendly manner.
环境恶化、贫困与农业之间的相互关系是一个重大关切问题，尤其是在发展中国家。本文利用面板数据中的 11 个中部和西部非洲国家 1996 年至 2015 年的数据，采用 Pooled Mean Group（PMG）、Mean Group（MG）和 Augmented Mean Group（AMG）技术，研究了农业对环境的影响，条件是收入水平。我们的研究结果表明，收入和农业单独来看都会加剧环境恶化。交互效应证实，收入水平的提高会抑制农业对环境的负面影响。此外，虽然可再生能源的使用增加和监管的改善降低了环境恶化，但人口增长对环境的破坏更大。本研究得出的结论是，不可持续的农业实践会破坏环境，而扶贫可以减轻这种影响。为了解决环境恶化问题，必须解决贫困问题，并以环保的方式提高收入水平。
