Mutambuki Kimondo, Affognon Hippolyte, Likhayo Paddy, Baributsa Dieudonne
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation (KALRO), Food Crops Research Institute-Kabete, P.O. Box 14733-00800, Nairobi, Kenya.
West and Central Africa Council for Agricultural Development (CORAF), 7, Avenue Bourguiba-B.P. 48, CP 18523, Dakar, Senegal.
Insects. 2019 Jul 12;10(7):204. doi: 10.3390/insects10070204.
Hermetic technologies are being promoted in Africa as safer and more effective methods of grain storage on smallholder farms. However, farmers and policy makers lack knowledge of their efficacy in controlling major stored grain pests. An on-station study was conducted to evaluate the triple layer Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) airtight bags against two major storage insect pests. Two sets each of PICS, jute and polypropylene bags were filled with 50 kg maize grain per bag. Each set was replicated four times. One set of PICS bags was each infested with 50 insects each of the larger grain borer and the maize weevil ; while the other set was not. One set of jute and polypropylene woven bags was treated with a cocktail of 1.6% Pirimiphos methyl and 0.3% Permethrin, serving as positive controls; while the remaining sets with untreated maize grain formed negative controls. Gas analysis in the PICS bags followed the expected trend with oxygen levels falling sharply below 10% and carbon dioxide increasing to almost 10% after 12 weeks hence resulting in insect death. After 16 weeks, increase in oxygen levels may be attributed to perforation of the bags from outside by the . Results showed that PICS bags were significantly ( < 0.05) superior to treated and untreated controls of polypropylene and jute bags in suppressing insect development, maize grain damage and weight loss during storage. Weight loss in polypropylene and jute bags reached 40% and 41%, respectively, at 24 weeks after storage compared to PICS (2.4-2.9%). These results demonstrate that PICS bags can be used to store maize against and attack.
气密技术在非洲作为小农户农场更安全、更有效的粮食储存方法得到推广。然而，农民和政策制定者对其控制主要储粮害虫的功效缺乏了解。开展了一项田间试验，以评估三层普渡改良作物储存（PICS）气密袋对两种主要储粮害虫的防治效果。每组两个PICS袋、黄麻袋和聚丙烯袋，每个袋子装入50千克玉米。每组重复四次。一组PICS袋分别接种50只大谷蠹和玉米象；另一组不接种。一组黄麻编织袋和聚丙烯编织袋用1.6%甲基嘧啶磷和0.3%氯菊酯的混合剂处理，作为阳性对照；其余装有未处理玉米的袋子作为阴性对照。PICS袋中的气体分析呈现预期趋势，12周后氧气水平急剧降至10%以下，二氧化碳增加至近10%，导致昆虫死亡。16周后，氧气水平升高可能归因于袋子被[未提及的某种因素]从外部穿孔。结果表明，在抑制昆虫生长、玉米籽粒损害和储存期间的重量损失方面，PICS袋显著优于（P<0.05）聚丙烯袋和黄麻袋的处理和未处理对照。储存24周后，聚丙烯袋和黄麻袋的重量损失分别达到40%和41%，而PICS袋为2.4%-2.9%。这些结果表明，PICS袋可用于储存玉米，防止大谷蠹和玉米象的侵害。
