O'donnell Kaitlyn, Elkinton Joseph, Donahue Charlene, Groden Eleanor
School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME.
Norfolk County Mosquito Control District, Walpole, MA.
Environ Entomol. 2019 Sep 30;48(5):1162-1172. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvz085.
The winter moth, Operophtera brumata (L.) is an invasive forest and agricultural pest in North America that causes severe defoliation to a wide range of host species. This study examines the differential larval densities, development, and survival on seven host species in midcoast Maine: red oak (Quercus rubra L., Fagales: Fagaceae), apple (Malus domestica L., Rosales: Rosaceae) and crab apple (Malus sp. L., Rosales: Rosaceae), red maple (Acer rubrum L., Sapindales: Sapindaceae), pin cherry (Prunus pensylvanica L., Rosales: Rosaceae), white birch (Betula papyrifera L., Fagales: Betulaceae), wild lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustiflolium L., Ericales: Ericaceae), and highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericales: Ericaceae). We also explore the degree of synchrony between selected host plants and larval hatch and its effect on survival. We found that densities, development, and survival were significantly greater on red oak (Quercus rubra) and apple (Malus sp.) than on all other target species and were lowest on pin cherry (Prunus pennsylvanica). We found low larval densities in open, wild lowbush blueberry fields; however, larvae successfully fed and developed on wild lowbush blueberry in a laboratory setting. This suggests that winter moth is a potential pest to wild lowbush blueberry in Maine if the outbreak expands to include areas with wild lowbush blueberry production.
冬尺蠖（Operophtera brumata (L.)）是北美洲一种具有入侵性的森林和农业害虫，会对多种寄主植物造成严重落叶。本研究调查了缅因州中海岸七种寄主植物上冬尺蠖幼虫的不同密度、发育情况和存活率，这七种寄主植物分别是：红橡树（Quercus rubra L.，壳斗目：壳斗科）、苹果（Malus domestica L.，蔷薇目：蔷薇科）和海棠果（Malus sp. L.，蔷薇目：蔷薇科）、红枫（Acer rubrum L.，无患子目：无患子科）、野黑樱桃（Prunus pensylvanica L.，蔷薇目：蔷薇科）、白桦（Betula papyrifera L.，壳斗目：桦木科）、野生矮丛蓝莓（Vaccinium angustiflolium L.，杜鹃花目：杜鹃花科）和高丛蓝莓（Vaccinium corymbosum L.，杜鹃花目：杜鹃花科）。我们还探究了所选寄主植物与幼虫孵化之间的同步程度及其对存活率的影响。我们发现，红橡树（Quercus rubra）和苹果（Malus sp.）上的幼虫密度、发育情况和存活率显著高于所有其他目标物种，而在野黑樱桃（Prunus pennsylvanica）上则最低。我们在开阔的野生矮丛蓝莓田中发现幼虫密度较低；然而，幼虫在实验室环境中能成功取食并在野生矮丛蓝莓上发育。这表明，如果冬尺蠖的爆发范围扩大到包括有野生矮丛蓝莓种植的地区，那么它可能会成为缅因州野生矮丛蓝莓的一种潜在害虫。
