Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Faculty of Social Sciences and Cultural Studies, University of Applied Sciences Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
PLoS One. 2019 Jul 25;14(7):e0219791. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219791. eCollection 2019.
Rituals, such as gazing at faces, are common in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and appear in cognitive-behavioral models as a maintaining factor. Rituals are also common in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In contrast to OCD, the proposed associations between rituals and intrusive thoughts/appearance preoccupation have not been empirically investigated for BDD. We examined if the assumed effect of gazing rituals on attractiveness ratings exists and if it is associated with dissociation. In an experiment, we asked N = 65 non-clinical females to focus on the nose of a photographed face at pre- and post-test. In between, participants gazed at the nose of either the same (relevant gazing) or another face (irrelevant gazing). We found increasing dissociation after gazing in both conditions and a differentially stronger decrease of attractiveness ratings in the relevant gazing condition. Our findings support the hypothesized effect of gazing rituals on attractiveness evaluation in cognitive-behavioral models for BDD.
仪式行为，如凝视面部，在躯体变形障碍（BDD）中很常见，并且在认知行为模型中被视为维持因素。在强迫症（OCD）中也很常见。与 OCD 不同，凝视仪式与侵入性思维/外貌关注之间的假设关联尚未在 BDD 中进行实证研究。我们研究了凝视仪式对吸引力评分的假设影响是否存在，以及它是否与分离有关。在一项实验中，我们要求 N = 65 名非临床女性在前后测中专注于照片中面部的鼻子。在此期间，参与者要么凝视同一张脸的鼻子（相关凝视），要么凝视另一张脸的鼻子（不相关凝视）。我们发现，在两种情况下，凝视后分离程度都会增加，而在相关凝视条件下，吸引力评分的下降幅度更大。我们的研究结果支持了在 BDD 的认知行为模型中，凝视仪式对吸引力评估的假设影响。
