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由复杂自主系统服务的机电一体化生产线的建模与控制。

Modelling and Control of Mechatronics Lines Served by Complex Autonomous Systems.

机构信息

Department of Automation, Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Valahia University of Târgoviște, 130024 Târgoviște, Romania.

Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galați, 800008 Galați, Romania.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2019 Jul 24;19(15):3266. doi: 10.3390/s19153266.

DOI:10.3390/s19153266
PMID:31344960
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6695814/
Abstract

The aim of this paper is to reverse an assembly line, to be able to perform disassembly, using two complex autonomous systems (CASs). The disassembly is functioning only in case of quality default identified in the final product. The CASs are wheeled mobile robots (WMRs) equipped with robotic manipulators (RMs), working in parallel or collaboratively. The reversible assembly/disassembly mechatronics line (A/DML) assisted by CASs has a specific typology and is modelled by specialized hybrid instruments belonging to the Petri nets class, precisely synchronized hybrid Petri nets (SHPN). The need of this type of models is justified by the necessity of collaboration between the A/DML and CASs, both having characteristics and physical constraints that should be considered and to make all systems compatible. Firstly, the paper proposes the planning and scheduling of tasks necessary in modelling stage as well as in real time control. Secondly, two different approaches are proposed, related to CASs collaboration: a parallel approach with two CASs have simultaneous actions: one is equipped with robotic manipulator, used for manipulation, and the other is used for transporting. This approach is correlated with industrial A/D manufacturing lines where have to transport and handle weights in a wide range of variation. The other is a collaborative approach, A/DML is served by two CASs used for manipulation and transporting, both having simultaneous movements, following their own trajectories. One will assist the disassembly in even, while the other in odd workstations. The added value of this second approach consists in the optimization of a complete disassembly cycle. Thirdly, it is proposed in the paper the real time control of mechatronics line served by CASs working in parallel, based on the SHPN model. The novelty of the control procedure consists in the use of the synchronization signals, in absence of the visual servoing systems, for a precise positioning of the CASs serving the reversible mechatronics line.

摘要

本文旨在通过两个复杂的自主系统 (CAS) 实现流水线的反向操作,以便执行拆卸。只有在最终产品中发现质量缺陷的情况下,拆卸才会进行。CAS 是配备有机器人操作器 (RM) 的轮式移动机器人 (WMR),它们可以并行或协作工作。由 CAS 辅助的可反向装配/拆卸机电一体化线 (A/DML) 具有特定的类型,通过属于 Petri 网类的专用混合仪器进行建模,即精确同步混合 Petri 网 (SHPN)。需要这种类型的模型是因为 A/DML 和 CAS 之间需要协作,两者都具有需要考虑的特性和物理约束,以使所有系统兼容。首先,本文提出了在建模阶段和实时控制中进行任务规划和调度的必要性。其次,提出了两种与 CAS 协作相关的不同方法:一种是并行方法,两个 CAS 同时行动:一个配备有机器人操作器,用于操作,另一个用于运输。这种方法与工业 A/D 制造线相关联,其中必须在广泛的变化范围内运输和处理重量。另一种是协作方法,由两个用于操作和运输的 CAS 为 A/DML 提供服务,两者同时移动,遵循各自的轨迹。一个将协助偶数工作站的拆卸,另一个将协助奇数工作站的拆卸。第二种方法的附加值在于完整拆卸周期的优化。第三,本文提出了基于 SHPN 模型的由并行工作的 CAS 控制机电一体化线的实时控制。控制过程的新颖之处在于使用同步信号,而不是视觉伺服系统,以精确定位为可逆机电一体化线服务的 CAS。

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