Pituitary Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Fondazione A Gemelli, IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Department of Molecular Medicine, Università Federico II, Naple, Italy.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Sep;30(9):590-602. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.06.004. Epub 2019 Jul 22.
Hypophysitis is a rare and potentially life-threatening disease, characterized by an elevated risk of complications, such as occurrence of acute central hypoadrenalism, persistent hypopituitarism, or extension of the inflammatory process to the neighboring neurological structures. In recent years, a large number of patients have been described as being affected by hypophysitis, due to the increased administration of immuno-chemotherapies. At the present time, the heterogeneous nature of hypophysitis diagnostic criteria and of the treatment protocols makes the management of affected patients difficult. We review the current data and evidence on primary and secondary hypophysitis, in order to suggest a diagnostic and therapeutic protocol that should be focused on a multidisciplinary approach, for reaching a prompt diagnosis and an appropriate and safe treatment.
垂体炎是一种罕见且潜在危及生命的疾病，其特征是并发症风险增加，如急性中枢性肾上腺功能减退症、持续性垂体功能减退症或炎症过程向邻近的神经结构扩展。近年来，由于免疫化学疗法的广泛应用，大量患者被描述为患有垂体炎。目前，垂体炎诊断标准和治疗方案的异质性使得受影响患者的管理变得困难。我们回顾了原发性和继发性垂体炎的现有数据和证据，以提出一个诊断和治疗方案，该方案应侧重于多学科方法，以便快速诊断和进行适当且安全的治疗。
