Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Sytèmes de Référence Temps Espace, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris-Sciences-et-Lettres, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d'Essais, 61 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France.
Science. 2019 Aug 16;365(6454):664-668. doi: 10.1126/science.aav8137. Epub 2019 Jul 25.
The general theory of relativity predicts that a star passing close to a supermassive black hole should exhibit a relativistic redshift. In this study, we used observations of the Galactic Center star S0-2 to test this prediction. We combined existing spectroscopic and astrometric measurements from 1995-2017, which cover S0-2's 16-year orbit, with measurements from March to September 2018, which cover three events during S0-2's closest approach to the black hole. We detected a combination of special relativistic and gravitational redshift, quantified using the redshift parameter ϒ. Our result, ϒ = 0.88 ± 0.17, is consistent with general relativity (ϒ = 1) and excludes a Newtonian model (ϒ = 0) with a statistical significance of 5σ.
广义相对论预测,一颗靠近超大质量黑洞的恒星应该表现出相对论性红移。在这项研究中,我们使用对银河系中心恒星 S0-2 的观测来检验这一预测。我们结合了现有的光谱和天体测量数据,这些数据来自 1995 年至 2017 年,覆盖了 S0-2 的 16 年轨道,以及 2018 年 3 月至 9 月的测量数据,这些数据覆盖了 S0-2 最接近黑洞的三次事件。我们检测到了特殊相对论性和引力红移的组合,使用红移参数 ϒ 进行量化。我们的结果 ϒ = 0.88 ± 0.17,与广义相对论(ϒ = 1)一致,并排除了牛顿模型(ϒ = 0),具有 5σ 的统计显著性。