Zhejiang Key Lab of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.
J Invertebr Pathol. 2019 Sep;166:107214. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2019.107214. Epub 2019 Jul 23.
The development of infectious diseases represents an outcome of dynamic interactions between the disease-producing agent's pathogenicity and the host's self-defense mechanism. Proteases secreted by pathogenic microorganisms and protease inhibitors produced by host species play an important role in the process. This review aimed at summarizing major findings in research on pathogen proteases and host protease inhibitors that had been proposed to be related to the development of mollusk diseases. Metalloproteases and serine proteases respectively belonging to Family M4 and Family S8 of the MEROPS system are among the most studied proteases that may function as virulence factors in mollusk pathogens. On the other hand, a mollusk-specific family (Family I84) of novel serine protease inhibitors and homologues of the tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease have been studied for their potential in the molluscan host defense. In addition, research at the genomic and transcriptomic levels showed that more proteases of pathogens and protease inhibitor of hosts are likely involved in mollusk disease processes. Therefore, the pathological significance of interactions between pathogen proteases and host protease inhibitors in the development of molluscan infectious diseases deserves more research efforts.
传染病的发展是病原体的致病性和宿主自身防御机制之间动态相互作用的结果。致病微生物分泌的蛋白酶和宿主物种产生的蛋白酶抑制剂在这一过程中起着重要作用。本综述旨在总结与贝类疾病发展相关的病原体蛋白酶和宿主蛋白酶抑制剂的主要研究结果。属于 MEROPS 系统家族 M4 和家族 S8 的金属蛋白酶和丝氨酸蛋白酶分别是研究最多的蛋白酶之一，它们可能作为贝类病原体的毒力因子发挥作用。另一方面，贝类特异性家族（家族 I84）的新型丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂和金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂的同源物因其在贝类宿主防御中的潜在作用而受到研究。此外，在基因组和转录组水平的研究表明，更多的病原体蛋白酶和宿主蛋白酶抑制剂可能参与贝类疾病过程。因此，病原体蛋白酶和宿主蛋白酶抑制剂在贝类传染性疾病发展中的相互作用的病理意义值得进一步研究。
