Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Adv Cancer Res. 2019;144:1-54. doi: 10.1016/bs.acr.2019.03.008. Epub 2019 Apr 23.
Cutaneous malignant melanoma is one of the few major cancers that continue to exhibit a positive rate of increase in the developed world. A wealth of epidemiological data has undisputedly implicated ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from sunlight and artificial sources as the major risk factor for melanomagenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms of this cause-and-effect relationship remain murky and understudied. Recent efforts on multiple fronts have brought unprecedented expansion of our knowledge base on this subject and it is now clear that melanoma is caused by a complex interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental exposure, primarily to UVR. Here we provide an overview of the effects of the macroenvironment (UVR) on the skin microenvironment and melanocyte-specific intrinsic (mostly genetic) landscape, which conspire to produce one of the deadliest malignancies.
皮肤恶性黑素瘤是少数几种在发达国家发病率仍呈上升趋势的主要癌症之一。大量流行病学数据无可争议地表明，阳光和人工来源的紫外线辐射（UVR）是黑素瘤发生的主要危险因素。然而，这种因果关系的分子机制仍然不清楚，研究也不足。最近在多个方面的努力使我们对这一主题的知识库以前所未有的速度扩展，现在很清楚，黑色素瘤是由遗传易感性和环境暴露（主要是紫外线辐射）之间的复杂相互作用引起的。在这里，我们概述了宏观环境（UVR）对皮肤微环境和黑素细胞特异性内在（主要是遗传）景观的影响，这些因素共同导致了最致命的恶性肿瘤之一的发生。
