To evaluate the influence of antiretroviral prophylaxis on the growth and development of HIV-exposed uninfected infants in Guangzhou. Data were from the national information system for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection, syphilis and hepatitis B. After excluding death and perinatal HIV infection cases, 564 HIV-exposed uninfected infants were included. The infants were divided into three groups, nevirapine (NVP) group, zidovudine (AZT) group and untreated group. The influences of antiretroviral prophylaxis on the body weight and height of the HIV-exposed uninfected infants were analyzed by using generalized estimating equations. The HIV-exposed uninfected infants at 1-month old had lower scores of body weight-for-age and body height-for-age than the World Health Organization's reference standard. The prevalence of wasting in AZT group (17.5) was higher than that in NVP group (6.2) for 1-month old infants. Taking NVP or AZT was a protective factor for score of body length-for-age (<0.05). Intrauterine exposure to triple antiviral drugs was a risk factor for the scores of body weight-for-age and body length-for-age (<0.05). The physical growth and development of HIV-exposed uninfected infants at 1-month old was not well, and HIV-exposed uninfected infants who taking AZT had a higher incidence of wasting. Attention should be paid to these infants.