Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H4R2, Canada.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2019 Jun;33:25-29. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2019.01.004. Epub 2019 Jan 16.
Some parasites manipulate host behavior by exploiting the host's behavioral control networks. This review explores two examples of this approach using parasites from opposite ends of the size spectrum, that is, viruses and parasitic insects. The first example explores the use of the gene (egt) by some baculoviruses to deactivate the hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone. Suppressing this chemical signal prevents the expression of behaviors that could reduce viral transmission. The second example explores how a parasitic wasp uses the host's immune/neural communication system to control host behavior. When a host's manipulated behavior requires complex neural coordination, exploitation of host behavioral control systems is likely to be involved. Simpler host behaviors can be induced by damage to host tissues.
有些寄生虫通过利用宿主的行为控制网络来操纵宿主的行为。本综述探讨了两种利用大小谱两端的寄生虫（病毒和寄生昆虫）来实现这种方法的例子。第一个例子探讨了一些杆状病毒利用基因（egt）使激素 20-羟基蜕皮酮失活的用途。抑制这种化学信号可以阻止可能减少病毒传播的行为表达。第二个例子探讨了寄生蜂如何利用宿主的免疫/神经通讯系统来控制宿主的行为。当宿主的被操纵的行为需要复杂的神经协调时，可能涉及到对宿主行为控制系统的利用。对宿主组织的损伤可以诱导更简单的宿主行为。
