Rehfeld J F, Bardram L, Cantor P, Hilsted L, Schwartz T W
University Department of Clinical Chemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Biochimie. 1988 Jan;70(1):25-31. doi: 10.1016/0300-9084(88)90155-1.
The present review argues that the gastrin-cholecystokinin family is a suitable model for the study of cell-specific processing of pro-hormones. First, the homologous active site of the hormones is a precisely defined tetrapeptide amide, which is well preserved during evolution. Second, the genes of both hormones are translated in a variety of cells (neurons, endocrine cells, paracrine cells, lymphocytes, etc,), but to a varying degree during ontogenesis and pathogenesis of various diseases. Third, each pro-hormone contains multiple processing sites (mono- and dibasic cleavage sites, amidation sites and consensus sequences for seryl phosphorylation and tyrosyl sulfation) leaving ample room for variations in the post-translational processing. The review discusses examples of cell-specific processing that appears to be functionally expedient.
本综述认为，胃泌素-胆囊收缩素家族是研究激素原细胞特异性加工的合适模型。首先，这些激素的同源活性位点是精确界定的四肽酰胺，在进化过程中保存良好。其次，两种激素的基因在多种细胞（神经元、内分泌细胞、旁分泌细胞、淋巴细胞等）中都能翻译，但在个体发育和各种疾病的发病过程中程度不同。第三，每种激素原都包含多个加工位点（单碱性和双碱性裂解位点、酰胺化位点以及丝氨酸磷酸化和酪氨酸硫酸化的共有序列），为翻译后加工的变化留出了充足空间。本综述讨论了似乎具有功能便利性的细胞特异性加工实例。
