Gicquelais Rachel E, Genberg Becky L, Astemborski Jacquie, Celentano David D, Kirk Gregory D, Mehta Shruti H
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
AIDS Educ Prev. 2019 Aug;31(4):344-362. doi: 10.1521/aeap.2019.31.4.344.
Increasing overdose mortality and new HIV outbreaks in the U.S. highlight the need to identify risk behavior profiles among people who inject drugs (PWID). We characterized latent classes of drug use among a community-based sample of 671 PWID in Baltimore during 2017 and evaluated associations of these classes with sharing syringes, obtaining syringes from pharmacies or syringe services programs (SSPs), and nonfatal overdose in the past 6 months. We identified three classes of current drug use: infrequent use (76% of participants), prescription drug use (12%), and heroin and/or cocaine injection (12%). PWID in the heroin and/or cocaine injection and prescription drug use classes had higher odds of both overdose and sharing syringes (relative to infrequent use). PWID in the prescription drug use class were 64% less likely to obtain syringes through SSPs/pharmacies relative to heroin and/or cocaine injection. Harm reduction programs need to engage people who obtain prescription drugs illicitly.
美国过量用药死亡率的上升以及新的艾滋病毒疫情爆发凸显了识别注射吸毒者（PWID）风险行为特征的必要性。我们对2017年巴尔的摩671名基于社区样本的注射吸毒者的潜在吸毒类别进行了特征描述，并评估了这些类别与共用注射器、从药店或注射器服务项目（SSP）获取注射器以及过去6个月内非致命性过量用药之间的关联。我们确定了当前吸毒的三类情况：不常吸毒（76%的参与者）、使用处方药（12%）以及注射海洛因和/或可卡因（12%）。海洛因和/或可卡因注射类及使用处方药类的注射吸毒者过量用药和共用注射器的几率更高（相对于不常吸毒者）。相对于海洛因和/或可卡因注射类，使用处方药类的注射吸毒者通过注射器服务项目/药店获取注射器的可能性要低64%。减少伤害项目需要让非法获取处方药的人参与进来。
