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理解药物预先授权流程:来自大型农村综合卫生服务系统的患者和临床工作人员的案例研究。

Understanding the medication prior-authorization process: A case study of patients and clinical staff from a large rural integrated health delivery system.

机构信息

Center for Pharmacy Innovation and Outcomes, Geisinger, Danville, PA.

Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA.

出版信息

Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2019 Mar 19;76(7):453-459. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/zxy083.


DOI:10.1093/ajhp/zxy083
PMID:31361821
Abstract

PURPOSE: The barriers and solutions to the current prior-authorization (PA) process at an integrated health system were evaluated. METHODS: Focus groups were conducted with patients at an integrated health system who also had insurance from an affiliated health plan and at least 1 denial for a medication in the past year. Semistructured interviews were conducted with medical staff (physicians, office staff, and PA experts). Both focus groups and interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Inductive analysis was used to code transcripts and develop themes. RESULTS: Three focus groups were conducted with 13 patients, and 9 medical staff (3 staff physicians, 2 office staff, and 4 PA staff) who have interactions with the PA process interviewed. Several themes were identified including the complexity of the PA process, consequences experienced, and ineffective communication between key stakeholders. A cross-cutting theme was that stakeholders expressed feelings of frustration, anxiety, and anger throughout the PA process. All stakeholders offered insights on how the process could be improved to better facilitate their preferences, such as access to the list of medications that require PA and the need for a patient advocate. CONCLUSION: Results of this study revealed that the PA process was frustrating, upsetting, and infuriating to patients and medical staff involved in the process. Three main themes identified included the complexity of the PA process, consequences experienced from the PA process, and ineffective communication between stakeholders.

摘要

目的:评估综合医疗体系中当前预先授权(PA)流程的障碍和解决方案。

方法:在综合医疗体系中,对同时拥有附属健康计划保险且过去一年至少有一次药物拒付的患者进行焦点小组讨论,并对医疗人员(医生、办公室工作人员和 PA 专家)进行半结构化访谈。对焦点小组和访谈进行录音和转录,并使用归纳分析对转录本进行编码和开发主题。

结果:进行了 3 次患者焦点小组讨论,共 13 人参加,对与 PA 流程有互动的 9 名医疗人员(3 名医务人员、2 名办公室工作人员和 4 名 PA 工作人员)进行了访谈。确定了几个主题,包括 PA 流程的复杂性、所经历的后果以及关键利益相关者之间缺乏有效的沟通。一个贯穿始终的主题是,利益相关者在整个 PA 流程中表达了挫败感、焦虑和愤怒的情绪。所有利益相关者都提出了如何改进流程以更好地满足他们的偏好的见解,例如获得需要 PA 的药物清单和需要患者代言人。

结论:这项研究的结果表明,PA 流程令参与该流程的患者和医疗人员感到沮丧、烦恼和愤怒。确定的三个主要主题包括 PA 流程的复杂性、PA 流程带来的后果以及利益相关者之间缺乏有效的沟通。

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引用本文的文献

[1]
Prior Authorization of Medication and Its Influence on Provider Behavior: Latent Class Analysis.

J Med Internet Res. 2025-7-29

[2]
Influence of prior authorization requirements on provider clinical decision-making.

Am J Manag Care. 2023-7

[3]
Evaluating implementation outcomes (acceptability, adoption, and feasibility) of two initiatives to improve the medication prior authorization process.

BMC Health Serv Res. 2021-11-20

[4]
Specialty pharmacist integration into an outpatient neurology clinic improves pimavanserin access.

Ment Health Clin. 2021-5-12

[5]
Regional Disparities in Qualified Health Plans' Prior Authorization Requirements for HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in the United States.

JAMA Netw Open. 2020-6-1

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