Laboratorio de Comunicaciones Celulares, Centro de estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
Centro Avanzado para Estudios en Enfermedades Crónicas (ACCDIS), Santiago 8380453, Chile.
Biomolecules. 2019 Jul 29;9(8):314. doi: 10.3390/biom9080314.
Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is a scaffolding protein with a controversial role in cancer. This review will initially discuss earlier studies focused on the role as a tumor suppressor before elaborating subsequently on those relating to function of the protein as a promoter of metastasis. Different mechanisms are summarized illustrating how CAV1 promotes such traits upon expression in cancer cells (intrinsic mechanisms). More recently, it has become apparent that CAV1 is also a secreted protein that can be included into exosomes where it plays a significant role in determining cargo composition. Thus, we will also discuss how CAV1 containing exosomes from metastatic cells promote malignant traits in more benign recipient cells (extrinsic mechanisms). This ability appears, at least in part, attributable to the transfer of specific cargos present due to CAV1 rather than the transfer of CAV1 itself. The evolution of how our perception of CAV1 function has changed since its discovery is summarized graphically in a time line figure.
窖蛋白-1（CAV1）是一种支架蛋白，其在癌症中的作用存在争议。这篇综述将首先讨论早期研究集中在作为肿瘤抑制因子的作用，然后详细阐述随后与作为转移促进因子的功能相关的研究。总结了不同的机制，说明了 CAV1 如何在癌细胞中表达时促进这些特征（内在机制）。最近，人们已经清楚地认识到，CAV1 也是一种分泌蛋白，可以包含在 exosomes 中，在 exosomes 中，它在决定货物组成方面起着重要作用。因此，我们还将讨论来自转移性细胞的含有 CAV1 的 exosomes 如何通过外源性机制促进更良性的受体细胞中的恶性特征。这种能力至少部分归因于由于 CAV1 而存在的特定货物的转移，而不是 CAV1 本身的转移。自发现以来，我们对 CAV1 功能的认识的演变以时间线图的形式进行了总结。
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