Clinical Pathology and Transfusion Medicine Unit - State Hospital,Istituto per la Sicurezza Sociale (ISS),Via Scialoja 20, 47893 Borgo Maggiore,Republic of San Marino.
Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Unit - State Hospital,Istituto per la Sicurezza Sociale (ISS),Via Scialoja 20, 47893 Borgo Maggiore,Republic of San Marino.
Epidemiol Infect. 2019 Jan;147:e211. doi: 10.1017/S0950268819000980.
Strongyloides stercoralis is a neglected parasite that can cause death in immunocompromised individuals. There were no data on the epidemiology of S. stercoralis infection in San Marino Republic until two patients (one of whom died) were diagnosed with severe strongyloidiasis (hyperinfection) between September 2016 and March 2017. A serology test for Strongyloides spp. was introduced in routine practice in the laboratory of the State Hospital to test patients considered to be at risk for strongyloidiasis. Between August 2017 and August 2018, of 42 patients tested with serology, two (4.8%) were positive. An additional case was found by gastric biopsy. Two of the positive cases were presumably autochthonous infections (elderly people with no significant travel history), while the other was a probable imported case (young man born in Nigeria and settled in Europe since 2003). Epidemiology of strongyloidiasis in San Marino might be similar to Northern Italy, where a relevant proportion of cases was diagnosed in immigrants (mainly from sub-Saharan Africa) and in elderly Italians with eosinophilia. Screening for strongyloidiasis might be worthwhile in inhabitants of San Marino in the same categories of individuals, particularly those at risk of immune suppression.
粪类圆线虫是一种被忽视的寄生虫，可在免疫功能低下的个体中导致死亡。直到 2016 年 9 月至 2017 年 3 月期间，两名患者（其中一名死亡）被诊断患有严重的粪类圆线虫病（过度感染），在此之前，圣马力诺共和国一直没有粪类圆线虫感染的流行病学数据。一种用于检测 Strongyloides spp.的血清学检测方法已在国家医院的实验室中引入常规检测，用于检测那些被认为存在粪类圆线虫病风险的患者。在 2017 年 8 月至 2018 年 8 月期间，在接受血清学检测的 42 名患者中，有 2 名（4.8%）呈阳性。通过胃活检发现了另一个病例。2 例阳性病例可能为本地感染（无明显旅行史的老年人），另 1 例为可能的输入性感染（出生于尼日利亚的年轻人，自 2003 年以来在欧洲定居）。圣马力诺的粪类圆线虫病流行病学可能与意大利北部相似，在那里，移民（主要来自撒哈拉以南非洲）和患有嗜酸性粒细胞增多症的老年意大利人中诊断出了相当比例的病例。对圣马力诺的上述人群进行粪类圆线虫病筛查可能是有意义的，特别是那些有免疫抑制风险的人群。
