P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), Changa, Anand, India.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GMERS Medical College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, India.
PLoS One. 2019 Jul 31;14(7):e0220330. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220330. eCollection 2019.
Cervicitis is one of the major health problems amongst women caused by infection of various pathogens including Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) as well as human papillomavirus (HPV), and persistent cervical inflammation is one of the etiologic agents of cervical cancer. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the recognition and subsequent elimination of these pathogens. Variations in the Toll-like receptor genes influence susceptibility to pathogens as well as disease progression independently.
Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms, five each of TLR4 and TLR9 genes were analyzed among 130 cervicitis patients and 150 controls either using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism or allele specific-PCR.
T. vaginalis infection was found at the highest frequency (30.7%) as compared to C. trachomatis (1.5%), N. gonorrhoeae (2.3%) and HPV (4.6%) infections in cervicitis patients. TLR4 rs11536889 CC (age-adjusted OR, 2.469 [95% CI, 1.499 to 4.065]; p < 0.001) and TLR9 rs187084 TC (age-adjusted OR, 2.165 [95% CI, 1.267-3.699]; p = 0.005) genotypes showed the higher distribution in cervicitis patients compared to controls. In addition, TLR4 rs11536889 C allele was shown to increase the risk of cervicitis (age-adjusted OR, 1.632 [95% CI, 1.132 to 2.352]; p = 0.009) compared to controls. The TLR4 haplotype GCA (OR, 0.6 [95% CI, 0.38-0.95]; p = 0.0272) and TLR9 haplotype GTA (OR, 1.99 [95% CI, 1.14-3.48]; p = 0.014) were found to be associated with decreased and increased risk of cervicitis respectively.
TLR4 and TLR9 polymorphisms, as well as haplotypes were shown to modulate the cervicitis risk.
宫颈炎是女性面临的主要健康问题之一，由各种病原体感染引起，包括沙眼衣原体（CT）、淋病奈瑟菌（NG）、阴道毛滴虫（TV）以及人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）。持续性宫颈炎是宫颈癌的病因之一。Toll 样受体（TLR）在识别和随后清除这些病原体方面发挥着重要作用。TLR 基因的变异会独立影响对病原体的易感性和疾病进展。
在 130 例宫颈炎患者和 150 例对照中，分析了 TLR4 和 TLR9 基因的 10 个单核苷酸多态性（5 个各为一个），使用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性或等位基因特异性-PCR 进行分析。
与 CT（1.5%）、NG（2.3%）和 HPV（4.6%）感染相比，宫颈炎患者中 TV 感染的频率最高（30.7%）。TLR4 rs11536889 CC（年龄调整 OR，2.469 [95%CI，1.499 至 4.065]；p < 0.001）和 TLR9 rs187084 TC（年龄调整 OR，2.165 [95%CI，1.267 至 3.699]；p = 0.005）基因型在宫颈炎患者中的分布高于对照组。此外，TLR4 rs11536889 C 等位基因增加了宫颈炎的风险（年龄调整 OR，1.632 [95%CI，1.132 至 2.352]；p = 0.009）与对照组相比。TLR4 单倍型 GCA（OR，0.6 [95%CI，0.38 至 0.95]；p = 0.0272）和 TLR9 单倍型 GTA（OR，1.99 [95%CI，1.14 至 3.48]；p = 0.014）与宫颈炎的风险降低和增加相关。
TLR4 和 TLR9 多态性以及单倍型与宫颈炎风险相关。
