Grimsland Frida, Seim Arnfinn, Borza Tom, Helvik Anne-Sofie
Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway.
Centre for Old Age Psychiatric Research Innlandet Hospital Trust Ottestad Norway.
Nurs Open. 2019 May 17;6(3):1055-1066. doi: 10.1002/nop2.289. eCollection 2019 Jul.
To estimate the prevalence of toileting difficulties over time among older people (≥70 years) with and without dementia receiving formal in-home care at baseline and to explore whether dementia at baseline was associated with toileting difficulties at the last assessment when adjusting for relevant covariates. We hypothesize that those with dementia have a higher prevalence and that baseline dementia is associated with toileting difficulties at last follow-up.
A longitudinal observational study with three assessments over 36 months. Older people (≥70 years) from 19 Norwegian municipalities with in-home care needs were included. The participants and their next of kin were interviewed.
In total, 1,001 (68% women) persons with a mean () age 83.4 (5.7) years participated at baseline. Toileting difficulties were assessed using Lawton and Brody's Physical Self-Maintenance Scale and Individual Nursing and Care Statistics. Information on physical comorbidity, number of prescribed drugs, cognitive function and formal care given was included. Dementia was diagnosed based on all information gathered.
At all time points, toileting difficulties were more prevalent in people with than without dementia. In adjusted analyses, dementia at baseline was associated with toileting difficulties at the last assessment. Nursing home admission was associated with increased odds for toileting difficulties.
评估基线时接受正规居家护理的70岁及以上患痴呆症和未患痴呆症的老年人随时间推移出现如厕困难的患病率，并在调整相关协变量后探讨基线时的痴呆症是否与最后一次评估时的如厕困难相关。我们假设患痴呆症的老年人患病率更高，且基线时的痴呆症与最后一次随访时的如厕困难相关。
一项为期36个月、进行三次评估的纵向观察性研究。纳入了挪威19个有居家护理需求的市政当局中70岁及以上的老年人。对参与者及其近亲进行了访谈。
共有1001名（68%为女性）平均年龄83.4（5.7）岁的人参与了基线评估。使用劳顿和布罗迪的身体自我维持量表以及个体护理和护理统计数据来评估如厕困难情况。纳入了有关身体合并症、处方药数量、认知功能和所提供正规护理的信息。根据收集到的所有信息诊断痴呆症。
在所有时间点，患痴呆症的人比未患痴呆症的人更普遍存在如厕困难。在调整分析中，基线时的痴呆症与最后一次评估时的如厕困难相关。入住养老院与如厕困难几率增加相关。
