Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Epilepsia. 2019 Sep;60(9):1932-1941. doi: 10.1111/epi.16306. Epub 2019 Jul 31.
Patients with generalized epilepsy exhibit different epileptiform events including asymptomatic interictal spikes (IS), absence seizures with spike-wave discharges (SWDs), and myoclonic seizures (MS). Our objective was to determine the spatiotemporal patterns of cortical activation in SWDs, IS, and MS in the Gabra1 juvenile myoclonic epilepsy mouse.
We fabricated affordable, flexible high-density electroencephalography (HdEEG) arrays and recorded spontaneous SWD, IS, and MS with video/HdEEG. We determined differences among the events in amplitude spectral density (ASD) in the δ/θ/α/β/γ frequency bands at baseline (3.5-4.0 seconds before the first spike time, t ) and the prespike period (0.1-0.5 seconds before t ), and we elucidated the spatiotemporal activation during the t spike.
All three events had an increase in ASD between baseline and prespike in at least one frequency band. During prespike, MS had the largest δ-band ASD, but SWD had the greatest α/β/γ band ASD. For all three events, the ASD was largest in the anterior regions. The t spike voltage was also greatest in the anterior regions for all three events and IS and MS had larger voltages than SWD. From 7.5 to 17.5 msec after t , MS had greater voltage than IS and SWD, and maximal voltage was in the posterior parietal region.
Changes in spectral density from baseline to prespike indicate that none of these generalized events are instantaneous or entirely unpredictable. Prominent engagement of anterior cortical regions during prespike and at t suggest that common anterior neural circuits participate in each event. Differences in prespike ASD signify that although the events may engage similar brain regions, they may arise from distinct proictal states with different neuronal activity or connectivity. Prolonged activation of the posterior parietal area in MS suggests that posterior circuits contribute to the myoclonic jerk. Together, these findings identify brain regions and processes that could be specifically targeted for further recording and modulation.
全身性癫痫患者表现出不同的癫痫样事件，包括无症状的间棘波（IS）、有棘慢波放电的失神发作（SWD）和肌阵挛发作（MS）。我们的目的是确定 Gabra1 青少年肌阵挛癫痫小鼠 SWD、IS 和 MS 中皮质激活的时空模式。
我们制作了经济实惠、灵活的高密度脑电图（HdEEG）阵列，并使用视频/HdEEG 记录自发性 SWD、IS 和 MS。我们确定了在基线（第一个棘波时间 t 前 3.5-4.0 秒）和棘波前期间（t 前 0.1-0.5 秒）的事件在 δ/θ/α/β/γ 频带的幅度谱密度（ASD）之间的差异，并阐明了 t 棘波期间的时空激活。
所有三个事件在至少一个频带中基线和棘波前之间的 ASD 均增加。在棘波前期间，MS 具有最大的 δ 带 ASD，但 SWD 具有最大的 α/β/γ 带 ASD。对于所有三个事件，ASD 在前区最大。对于所有三个事件，t 棘波的电压在前区也最大，IS 和 MS 的电压大于 SWD。在 t 后 7.5 到 17.5 毫秒，MS 的电压大于 IS 和 SWD，最大电压在前顶区。
从基线到棘波前的谱密度变化表明，这些全身性事件都不是瞬时的或完全不可预测的。在棘波前和 t 期间，前皮质区域的显著参与表明，常见的前神经回路参与了每个事件。棘波前 ASD 的差异表明，尽管这些事件可能涉及相似的脑区，但它们可能来自具有不同神经元活动或连接的不同前导状态。MS 中后顶区的长时间激活表明，后部回路有助于肌阵挛抽搐。这些发现共同确定了可以专门用于进一步记录和调节的脑区和过程。
