Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S), UR15JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia.
Institut Supérieur du Sport et de l'éducation physique de Sfax, Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisie.
Chronobiol Int. 2019 Oct;36(10):1334-1342. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1642908. Epub 2019 Aug 1.
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of a nap opportunity during the daytime realized at different times of day on physical and mental performance. Eighteen physically active males (age: 20.5 ± 3.0 years, height: 175.3 ± 5.9 cm, body-mass: 70.0 ± 8.6 kg) were tested under four experimental conditions: no-nap condition, nap at 13h00, nap at 14h00 and nap at 15h00. All nap durations were of 25-min and all tests were performed at 17h00. They performed a 5-m shuttle run test, which generated measures of the highest distance (HD) and total distance (TD). The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded after each of the six sprints in the 5-m shuttle run test. Vigilance was measured using a digit cancellation test. The results showed that TD at 17h00 was 4% greater after a nap at 14h00 than in the no-nap condition (+28 m, < .05) or after the nap at 13h00 (+29 m, < .05). HD was 8% higher (+9 m, < .001) after a nap at 14h00 than in the no-nap condition and 7% higher after nap at 15h00 than in the no-nap condition (+7 m, < .05). In addition, HD was 6% higher after nap at 14h00 (+7 m, < .01) and 5% higher after nap at 15h00 (+9 m, < .01) than HD after a nap at 13h00. Napping at 13h00 had no effect on physical performance at 17h00. No significant differences were observed between RPE and vigilance scores in the nap and no-nap conditions. In conclusion, napping for 25 min at 14h00 and 15h00 produces meaningful improvements in responses during repeated short-term maximal exercise tests performed at 17h00. Napping at 13h00 does not. Vigilance, as measured using a digit cancellation test, and RPE scores are not influenced by any of the nap opportunities.
本研究旨在探讨白天不同时间进行小睡对身体和心理表现的影响。18 名身体活跃的男性（年龄：20.5±3.0 岁，身高：175.3±5.9cm，体重：70.0±8.6kg）在以下四种实验条件下接受测试：无小睡条件、13 点小睡、14 点小睡和 15 点小睡。所有小睡持续时间均为 25 分钟，所有测试均在 17 点进行。他们进行了 5 米穿梭跑测试，生成了最高距离（HD）和总距离（TD）的测量值。在 5 米穿梭跑测试的每 6 次冲刺后，记录了感知用力（RPE）评分。使用数字删除测试测量警觉性。结果显示，14 点小睡后 17 点的 TD 比无小睡条件（+28m，<0.05）或 13 点小睡后（+29m，<0.05）增加了 4%。14 点小睡后 HD 比无小睡条件高 8%（+9m，<0.001），比 15 点小睡后高 7%（+7m，<0.05）。此外，14 点小睡后 HD 比 13 点小睡后高 6%（+7m，<0.01），15 点小睡后 HD 比 13 点小睡后高 5%（+9m，<0.05）。13 点小睡对 17 点的身体表现没有影响。在小睡和无小睡条件下，RPE 和警觉性评分之间没有观察到显著差异。总之，14 点和 15 点小睡 25 分钟可显著提高 17 点重复短期最大运动测试期间的反应。13 点小睡则没有这种效果。使用数字删除测试测量的警觉性和 RPE 分数不受任何小睡机会的影响。
