Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
Biol Psychiatry. 2020 Jan 1;87(1):34-43. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.05.025. Epub 2019 Jun 13.
Opioid administration in preclinical models induces long-lasting adaptations in reward and habit circuitry. The latest research demonstrates that in the nucleus accumbens, opioid-induced excitatory synaptic plasticity involves presynaptic and postsynaptic elements as well as adjacent astroglial processes and the perisynaptic extracellular matrix. We outline opioid-induced modifications within each component of the tetrapartite synapse and provide a neurobiological perspective on how these adaptations converge to produce addiction-related behaviors in rodent models. By incorporating changes observed at each of the excitatory synaptic compartments into a unified framework of opioid-induced glutamate dysregulation, we highlight new avenues for restoring synaptic homeostasis that might limit opioid craving and relapse vulnerability.
在临床前模型中，阿片类药物的给药会导致奖励和习惯回路产生持久的适应性变化。最新的研究表明，在伏隔核中，阿片类药物诱导的兴奋性突触可塑性涉及突触前和突触后成分以及相邻的星形胶质细胞过程和突触周细胞外基质。我们概述了四联体突触中每个成分的阿片类药物诱导的变化，并提供了一个神经生物学视角，说明这些适应性变化如何汇聚在一起，在啮齿动物模型中产生与成瘾相关的行为。通过将兴奋性突触隔间中观察到的变化纳入统一的阿片类药物诱导的谷氨酸失调框架中，我们强调了恢复突触稳态的新途径，这可能会限制阿片类药物的渴望和复发脆弱性。
