Szmulik Katarzyna, Niedźwiedzka-Stadnik Marta, Rosińska Magdalena
National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene, Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance, Warsaw
Przegl Epidemiol. 2019;73(2):179-192. doi: 10.32394/pe.73.17.
The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of newly diagnosed HIV infections and AIDS cases and death among AIDS cases in Poland in 2017 in comparison to the changes in preceding years.
Analysis of the epidemiological situation was based on reports of newly detected HIV cases and AIDS cases and the results of the annual survey of HIV testing conducted among the laboratories throughout the country.
In 2017 there were 1,419 HIV cases newly diagnosed in Poland (diagnosis rate: 3.69 per 100,000), including 51 among non-Polish citizens. The frequency of newly detected HIV infections increased by nearly 8% compared to the previous year and by almost 28% compared to the median in 2011-2015 years. The total number of AIDS cases was 108 (incidence 0.28 per 100,000), and 20 people died from AIDS disease (0.05 per 100,000). New HIV diagnoses were reported mainly among people in age 20 to 39 years (69.5%) and among men (88.5%). Among cases with known transmission route, 69.5% concerned among men who had sexual contact with men (MSM). The percentage of MSM cases, similarly to heterosexual cases decrease in comparison to previous year, relatively by 5.7% and 6.4%. The percentage of AIDS cases diagnosed at the same time with HIV diagnosis increased by 6% percentage points in comparison with 2016 year (from 68% to 74% AIDS cases).
The most HIV cases are diagnosed among MSM, so prophylactic activities are still needed in this key population. It is also need to increase the number of new cases linkage-to-care and to improve the low frequency in HIV testing rate in all population.
本研究旨在评估2017年波兰新诊断的艾滋病毒感染和艾滋病病例的流行病学情况以及艾滋病病例的死亡情况，并与前几年的变化进行比较。
对流行病学情况的分析基于新检测到的艾滋病毒病例和艾滋病病例报告以及在全国各实验室进行的年度艾滋病毒检测调查结果。
2017年波兰新诊断出1419例艾滋病毒病例（诊断率：每10万人中3.69例），其中非波兰公民有51例。与上一年相比，新检测到的艾滋病毒感染频率增加了近8%，与2011 - 2015年的中位数相比增加了近28%。艾滋病病例总数为108例（发病率为每10万人中0.28例），20人死于艾滋病（每10万人中0.05例）。新的艾滋病毒诊断主要报告在20至39岁的人群中（69.5%）以及男性中（88.5%）。在已知传播途径的病例中，69.5%涉及男男性行为者（MSM）。与前一年相比，MSM病例的百分比以及异性恋病例的百分比均有所下降，相对分别下降了5.7%和6.4%。与艾滋病毒诊断同时诊断出的艾滋病病例百分比与2016年相比增加了6个百分点（从68%升至74%的艾滋病病例）。
大多数艾滋病毒病例是在男男性行为者中诊断出来的，因此在这一关键人群中仍需要开展预防活动。还需要增加新病例与治疗的关联数量，并提高所有人群中艾滋病毒检测率较低的情况。
