Bello Jennifer K, Hearing Catherine, Salas Joanne, Weinstock Jeremiah, Linhorst Donald
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, O'Donnell Hall, 1402 South Grand Blvd., Saint Louis, MO, 63104.
Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University, Morrissey Hall, Room 2515, 3700 Lindell Blvd., Saint Louis, MO, 63108.
J Forensic Sci. 2020 Jan;65(1):97-102. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.14153. Epub 2019 Aug 6.
Understanding trends in substance use by gender among jail-based treatment program participants can inform policies and programs tailored to this population. Preprogram assessment data from 3509 individuals entering a jail-based substance use disorder treatment program in Missouri between 1998 and 2016 were analyzed. Primary outcome was program participants' strongly preferred substances. Demographic covariates and drug preferences were compared between males and females. Average yearly trends in preferred substances were calculated. While 25.8% of the sample preferred heroin, it was more strongly preferred by women (36.4%) than men (22.0%, p < 0.0001). Alcohol and marijuana were preferred more by males. Overall, preferences for heroin and methamphetamine increased over time while alcohol, marijuana, and other stimulants decreased. Women being more likely to prefer heroin and the increasing preference for heroin over time are consistent with national trends. Offering evidence-based treatment like pharmacotherapy and gender-sensitive approaches can help address the needs of this vulnerable population.
了解监狱戒毒治疗项目参与者中按性别划分的药物使用趋势，可为针对这一人群量身定制的政策和项目提供参考。对1998年至2016年间进入密苏里州一个监狱戒毒治疗项目的3509名个体的项目前评估数据进行了分析。主要结果是项目参与者强烈偏好的药物。比较了男性和女性之间的人口统计学协变量和药物偏好。计算了偏好药物的年均趋势。虽然25.8%的样本偏好海洛因，但女性（36.4%）比男性（22.0%，p<0.0001）更强烈地偏好海洛因。男性更偏好酒精和大麻。总体而言，对海洛因和甲基苯丙胺的偏好随时间增加，而酒精、大麻和其他兴奋剂的偏好则下降。女性更有可能偏好海洛因以及随着时间推移对海洛因的偏好增加，这与全国趋势一致。提供循证治疗，如药物治疗和性别敏感方法，有助于满足这一弱势群体的需求。
