McNeilly A S
MRC Reproductive Biology Unit, Edinburg, Scotland.
Acta Endocrinol Suppl (Copenh). 1988;288:31-40.
The secretion of FSH appears to be dominated by factors controlling the inhibition of synthesis and release acting directly at the level of the gonadotrope in the pituitary. Only minimal amounts of GnRH are necessary to stimulate and maintain the secretion of FSH, and, in contrast to LH, the release of FSH is closely linked to the rate of synthesis. Estradiol is a potent inhibitor of FSH release acting directly at the gonadotrope to inhibit mRNA transcription. In vivo, estradiol alone in physiological concentrations cannot maintain plasma concentrations within the normal levels seen during the estrus or menstrual cycle. It is probable that estradiol acts synergistically with inhibin both of which are secreted by the developing follicle. Inhibin secretion in the follicle is dependent on FSH. During the follicular phase in sheep and women peripheral plasma concentrations of inhibin remain unchanged or decline in parallel with those of FSH, and inversely to estradiol. In the luteal phase, the human corpus luteum secretes inhibin under the influence of LH. Thus inhibin together with both estradiol and progesterone secreted by the corpus luteum, accounts for the suppression of FSH and thus follicular development in the luteal phase of the human menstrual cycle.
促卵泡激素（FSH）的分泌似乎受控制合成与释放抑制的因素主导，这些因素直接作用于垂体促性腺激素细胞水平。刺激和维持FSH分泌仅需极少量的促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH），与促黄体生成素（LH）不同，FSH的释放与合成速率密切相关。雌二醇是FSH释放的有效抑制剂，直接作用于促性腺激素细胞以抑制mRNA转录。在体内，生理浓度的单独雌二醇无法将血浆浓度维持在发情期或月经周期所见的正常水平。雌二醇可能与抑制素协同作用，二者均由发育中的卵泡分泌。卵泡中的抑制素分泌依赖于FSH。在绵羊和女性的卵泡期，外周血中抑制素的血浆浓度保持不变或与FSH浓度平行下降，与雌二醇浓度呈负相关。在黄体期，人黄体在LH的影响下分泌抑制素。因此，抑制素与黄体分泌的雌二醇和孕酮共同作用，导致人类月经周期黄体期FSH受抑制，进而卵泡发育受抑制。
