Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China.
College of Water Conservancy and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China.
Microbiologyopen. 2020 Jan;9(1):e00920. doi: 10.1002/mbo3.920. Epub 2019 Aug 8.
Agricultural fertilization is used extensively to increase soil fertility and maximize crop yield. Despite numerous studies on how fertilization influences plant and bacterial communities, little is known about the roles of long-term application of different fertilizers in shaping arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) community structures in a comparative manner. The response of AMF community to 28 years of chemical and organic fertilization was investigated using the Illumina Mi-Seq platform. Soil AMF community composition showed significant and differential responses to long-term fertilization. Changes in available phosphorus (AP) content were the primary driver shaping AMF community composition. Chemical fertilization significantly decreased AMF alpha-diversity, whereas the alpha-diversity remained equally high in organic fertilization treatment as in the control. In addition, soil AMF alpha-diversity was negatively and positively correlated with elevated soil nutrient level following chemical and organic fertilization, respectively. Plants could directly acquire sufficient nutrients without their AMF partners after chemical fertilization, while plants might rely on AMF to facilitate the transformation of organic matter following organic fertilization, indicating that chemical fertilization might reduce the reliance of plants on AMF symbioses while organic fertilization strengthened the symbiotic relationship between plants and their AMF partners in agricultural ecosystems. This study demonstrated that AMF communities responded differently to long-term chemical and organic fertilization, indicating that organic fertilization might activate belowground AMF function to maintain soil nutrients and benefit the sustainable development of agriculture.
农业施肥被广泛用于提高土壤肥力和最大限度地提高作物产量。尽管有许多研究探讨了施肥如何影响植物和细菌群落，但对于不同肥料的长期应用如何以比较的方式塑造丛枝菌根真菌 (AMF) 群落结构，知之甚少。本研究使用 Illumina Mi-Seq 平台研究了 28 年化学和有机施肥对 AMF 群落的影响。土壤 AMF 群落组成对长期施肥表现出显著的、差异的响应。有效磷（AP）含量的变化是塑造 AMF 群落组成的主要驱动因素。化学施肥显著降低了 AMF 的 α 多样性，而有机施肥处理中的 α 多样性与对照一样高。此外，土壤 AMF α 多样性与化学和有机施肥后土壤养分水平的升高呈负相关和正相关。化学施肥后，植物可以直接从其 AMF 伙伴那里获得足够的养分，而有机施肥后，植物可能依赖 AMF 来促进有机物的转化，这表明化学施肥可能会降低植物对 AMF 共生的依赖，而有机施肥则加强了植物与其 AMF 伙伴在农业生态系统中的共生关系。本研究表明，AMF 群落对长期的化学和有机施肥有不同的反应，这表明有机施肥可能会激活地下 AMF 功能，以维持土壤养分，有利于农业的可持续发展。
