Er,Cr:YSGG Laser-Activated Irrigation and Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation: Comparison of Two Strategies for Root Canal Disinfection.

To compare the antibacterial effectiveness of 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) activated by the Er,Cr:YSGG laser-activated irrigation (LAI) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) against a 10-day-old intracanal biofilm. LAI and PUI are regarded as alternative methods to release the irrigant in the inner regions of the root canal system achieving enhanced cleaning ability. Nevertheless, little evidence regarding the activation of low concentrations of NaOCl has been reported. Seventy-two single-rooted teeth were instrumented, inoculated ( ATCC 29212), and incubated for 10 days to allow biofilm formation. Specimens were randomly divided into six groups ( = 12 each): (1) 0.5% NaOCl+Er,Cr:YSGG LAI, (2) saline+Er,Cr:YSGG LAI, (3) 0.5% NaOCl+PUI, (4) saline+PUI, (5) positive control (no treatment), and (6) negative control (no bacteria). The activation time was distributed as follows: 30 sec of activation, followed by a rest phase of 30 sec, and ending with 30 sec of activation. The number of bacterial survivors was determined by plate counting. Both irrigation regimens LAI and PUI reduced the number of colony-forming unit. Moreover, LAI +0.5% NaOCl and the rest of groups significantly differ ( < 0.001 for all comparisons). Er,Cr:YSGG LAI proved to be more effective than PUI in enhancing the antimicrobial activity of 0.5% NaOCl against 10-day-old intracanal biofilms.