Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Departamento de Bioquímica del Suelo, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia, CSIC, Apartado 122, 15780 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Global Change Research Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Bělidla 4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, A. Čehova 13, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Dec 1;694:133692. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133692. Epub 2019 Jul 31.
Coppicing consists of periodically cutting back tree stems to ground level to stimulate the growth of multiple stems from the stool. In Central Europe, many coppiced forests were abandoned at the beginning of the last century owing to a decline in the demand for charcoal and wood. This was assumed to enable the forests to recover and the properties to become similar to those of unmanaged forest (high forest). Most studies on abandoned coppiced forest have focused on forest recovery, while soil recovery has generally been overlooked. With the aim of filling this gap, this study investigated the effect of coppicing abandonment on soil recovery by analysing the changes in soil enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, invertase, urease, acid phosphatase and arylsulphatase). Two differently managed sessile oak (Quercus petraea) forests were selected for study: a former coppice forest, abandoned >90 years ago, and an undisturbed forest. The analytical data were compared to assess the degree of recovery of the soil in the abandoned coppice forest. The soil organic matter content was two times lower in the abandoned coppice than in the high forest, suggesting that organic matter depletion due the past coppicing is a long-term effect. All of the absolute enzyme activities were also two times lower in the abandoned coppice forest soil than in the high forest soil. However, the specific enzyme activities were similar in both types of soil. This indicates that metabolic activity is similar in both soil types, suggesting that it either recovers faster than organic matter and soil enzyme activity or that, despite the depletion in organic matter and enzyme activities, metabolic activity was sustained in coppiced forest soil. However, in the latter case this would imply that organic matter and soil enzymes were lost in exactly the same proportion, which is highly improbable.
萌生采伐是指定期将树干砍到地面以下，以刺激从树桩上长出多个新茎。在中欧，许多萌生林在上世纪初由于木炭和木材需求的下降而被废弃。这被认为是为了让森林得以恢复，其性质变得类似于未管理的森林（郁闭林）。大多数关于废弃萌生林的研究都集中在森林恢复上，而土壤恢复通常被忽视。为了填补这一空白，本研究通过分析土壤酶活性（脱氢酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、转化酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶和芳基硫酸酯酶）的变化，研究了萌生采伐废弃对土壤恢复的影响。选择了两个管理方式不同的栎属（Quercus petraea）萌生林进行研究：一个是废弃的萌生林，废弃时间超过 90 年，另一个是未受干扰的森林。通过比较分析数据，评估了废弃萌生林中土壤的恢复程度。废弃萌生林中的土壤有机质含量比郁闭林低两倍，这表明过去萌生采伐导致的有机质耗竭是一个长期的影响。废弃萌生林土壤中的所有绝对酶活性也比郁闭林土壤中的低两倍。然而，两种土壤类型的特定酶活性相似。这表明两种土壤类型的代谢活性相似，这表明它要么比有机质和土壤酶活性恢复得更快，要么尽管有机质和酶活性耗竭，但萌生林土壤中的代谢活性得以维持。然而，在后一种情况下，这将意味着有机质和土壤酶是以完全相同的比例丧失的，这是极不可能的。
