Institute of Geology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 269, 16500 Prague 6, Czech Republic; Nuclear Physics Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Hlavní 130, 25068 Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic.
Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Dec 1;694:133679. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133679. Epub 2019 Jul 31.
Amanita strobiliformis (European Pine Cone Lepidella) is an ectomycorrhizal fungus of the Amanitaceae family known to hyperaccumulate Ag in the sporocarps. Two populations (ecotypes) of A. strobiliformis collected from two urban forest plantations in Prague, Czech Republic, were investigated. The concentrations of Ag, Cu, Cd, and Zn were determined in the mushrooms. The metal mobility and fractionation in the soils was investigated by single extractions and sequential extraction. The soil distribution of A. strobiliformis mycelium was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The metal uptake from the soil into the mushroom sporocarps was traced by Pb isotopic fingerprinting. The findings suggested that A. strobiliformis (i) accumulates primarily Ag from the topsoil layer (circa 12cm deep) and (ii) accumulates Ag associated with the "reducible soil fraction". The concentrations of all metals, particularly Ag and Cu, were significantly higher in the A. strobiliformis sporocarps from one of the investigated sites (Klíčov). The elevated concentrations of Ag in the sporocarps from Klíčov can possibly be attributed to the higher Ag content in the topsoil layer found at this site. However, the simultaneously elevated concentrations of Cu in A. strobiliformis from Klíčov cannot be explained by the differences in the geochemical background and should be attributed to biological factors.
欧洲松锥鳞伞（Amanita strobiliformis）是伞菌科外生菌根真菌，已知其在子实体中能超积累银。本研究调查了捷克共和国布拉格两个城市森林种植园中采集的两个欧洲松锥鳞伞种群（生态型）。测定了蘑菇中的银、铜、镉和锌浓度。通过单一提取和连续提取研究了土壤中金属的迁移和形态。通过定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）评估了欧洲松锥鳞伞菌丝在土壤中的分布。通过 Pb 同位素指纹追踪了金属从土壤向蘑菇子实体中的吸收。研究结果表明，欧洲松锥鳞伞（i）主要从表土层（约 12cm 深）积累银，（ii）积累与“可还原土壤部分”相关的银。在所研究的一个地点（Klíčov），所有金属的浓度，尤其是银和铜的浓度，在欧洲松锥鳞伞的子实体中显著更高。Klíčov 子实体中银浓度的升高可能归因于该地点表土层中银含量较高。然而，Klíčov 中欧洲松锥鳞伞中铜浓度的同时升高不能用地球化学背景的差异来解释，而应归因于生物因素。
